King James Version

What Does Judges 6:20 Mean?

Judges 6:20 in the King James Version says “And the angel of God said unto him, Take the flesh and the unleavened cakes, and lay them upon this rock, and pour out t... — study this verse from Judges chapter 6 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And the angel of God said unto him, Take the flesh and the unleavened cakes, and lay them upon this rock, and pour out the broth. And he did so.

Judges 6:20 · KJV


Context

18

Depart not hence, I pray thee, until I come unto thee, and bring forth my present, and set it before thee. And he said, I will tarry until thou come again. present: or, meat offering

19

And Gideon went in, and made ready a kid , and unleavened cakes of an ephah of flour: the flesh he put in a basket, and he put the broth in a pot, and brought it out unto him under the oak, and presented it. a kid: Heb. a kid of the goats

20

And the angel of God said unto him, Take the flesh and the unleavened cakes, and lay them upon this rock, and pour out the broth. And he did so.

21

Then the angel of the LORD put forth the end of the staff that was in his hand, and touched the flesh and the unleavened cakes; and there rose up fire out of the rock, and consumed the flesh and the unleavened cakes. Then the angel of the LORD departed out of his sight.

22

And when Gideon perceived that he was an angel of the LORD, Gideon said, Alas, O Lord GOD! for because I have seen an angel of the LORD face to face.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
The Angel of God instructs Gideon to place the meat and unleavened cakes on a rock and pour out the broth. This transformation from meal to sacrifice reveals the Angel's divine nature and purpose. The rock (sela, סֶלַע) becomes an altar, and the food becomes an offering. Gideon's obedience—'he did so'—demonstrates growing faith despite confusion about the encounter's meaning. The rock altar prefigures Christ as the Rock (1 Corinthians 10:4), the foundation of acceptable sacrifice.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Using natural rock formations as altars appears throughout patriarchal and judges narratives (Genesis 28:18, Judges 13:19-20). These simple altars contrasted with elaborate Canaanite temple complexes, emphasizing direct access to God without priestly mediation (though Levitical priesthood existed). The instruction to pour out broth may relate to drink offerings prescribed in Mosaic law (Numbers 28:7), though this offering's spontaneous nature differs from prescribed temple ritual.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does the transformation of a meal into a sacrifice illustrate how God transforms ordinary life into worship?
  2. What does Gideon's obedience despite confusion teach about faithful response to God's Word before full understanding?
  3. How does Christ as the Rock provide the foundation for acceptable worship and sacrifice?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 18 words
וַיֹּ֨אמֶר1 of 18

said

H559

to say (used with great latitude)

אֵלָ֜יו2 of 18
H413

near, with or among; often in general, to

מַלְאַ֣ךְ3 of 18

And the angel

H4397

a messenger; specifically, of god, i.e., an angel (also a prophet, priest or teacher)

הָֽאֱלֹהִ֗ים4 of 18

of God

H430

gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of

קַ֣ח5 of 18

unto him Take

H3947

to take (in the widest variety of applications)

אֶת6 of 18
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

הַבָּשָׂ֤ר7 of 18

the flesh

H1320

flesh (from its freshness); by extension, body, person; also (by euphemistically) the pudenda of a man

וְאֶת8 of 18
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

הַמַּצּוֹת֙9 of 18

and the unleavened cakes

H4682

properly, sweetness; concretely, sweet (i.e., not soured or bittered with yeast); specifically, an unfermented cake or loaf, or (elliptically) the fes

וְהַנַּח֙10 of 18

and lay

H3240

to deposit; by implication, to allow to stay

אֶל11 of 18
H413

near, with or among; often in general, to

הַסֶּ֣לַע12 of 18

rock

H5553

a craggy rock, literally or figuratively (a fortress)

הַלָּ֔ז13 of 18

them upon this

H1975

this or that

וְאֶת14 of 18
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

הַמָּרַ֖ק15 of 18

the broth

H4839

soup (as if a rinsing)

שְׁפ֑וֹךְ16 of 18

and pour out

H8210

to spill forth (blood, a libation, liquid metal; or even a solid, i.e., to mound up); also (figuratively) to expend (life, soul, complaint, money, etc

וַיַּ֖עַשׂ17 of 18

And he did

H6213

to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application

כֵּֽן׃18 of 18
H3651

properly, set upright; hence (figuratively as adjective) just; but usually (as adverb or conjunction) rightly or so (in various applications to manner


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Judges. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Judges 6:20 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Judges 6:20 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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