King James Version

What Does Judges 6:22 Mean?

Judges 6:22 in the King James Version says “And when Gideon perceived that he was an angel of the LORD, Gideon said, Alas, O Lord GOD! for because I have seen an an... — study this verse from Judges chapter 6 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And when Gideon perceived that he was an angel of the LORD, Gideon said, Alas, O Lord GOD! for because I have seen an angel of the LORD face to face.

Judges 6:22 · KJV


Context

20

And the angel of God said unto him, Take the flesh and the unleavened cakes, and lay them upon this rock, and pour out the broth. And he did so.

21

Then the angel of the LORD put forth the end of the staff that was in his hand, and touched the flesh and the unleavened cakes; and there rose up fire out of the rock, and consumed the flesh and the unleavened cakes. Then the angel of the LORD departed out of his sight.

22

And when Gideon perceived that he was an angel of the LORD, Gideon said, Alas, O Lord GOD! for because I have seen an angel of the LORD face to face.

23

And the LORD said unto him, Peace be unto thee; fear not: thou shalt not die.

24

Then Gideon built an altar there unto the LORD, and called it Jehovahshalom: unto this day it is yet in Ophrah of the Abiezrites. Jehovahshalom: that is, The LORD send peace


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Gideon recognizes he has seen the Angel of the LORD face to face and fears death: 'Alas, O Lord GOD! for because I have seen an angel of the LORD face to face.' This terror reflects the consistent biblical teaching that sinful humans cannot see God and live (Exodus 33:20, Judges 13:22, Isaiah 6:5). The exclamation 'Alas!' (ahai, אֲהָהּ) expresses profound distress. Gideon's fear demonstrates growing theological awareness—he now understands the magnitude of his encounter. This crisis moment parallels Isaiah's temple vision ('Woe is me! for I am undone') and Peter's confession ('Depart from me; for I am a sinful man').

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

The belief that seeing God resulted in death pervaded Israelite theology based on God's holiness and human sinfulness. Previous encounters with the Angel of the LORD by Hagar (Genesis 16:13), Jacob (Genesis 32:30), and Moses (Exodus 3:6) all produced similar shock at surviving divine encounter. This theological understanding undergirded the high priest's annual entrance into the Holy of Holies with trepidation and elaborate preparation (Leviticus 16).

Reflection Questions

  1. How does Gideon's fear upon recognizing God's presence reveal the seriousness of divine holiness?
  2. What does humanity's inability to see God and live teach about the necessity of Christ as mediator?
  3. How should awareness of God's holiness affect our approach to worship and prayer?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 20 words
רָאִ֙יתִי֙1 of 20

I have seen

H7200

to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)

גִּדְע֗וֹן2 of 20

And when Gideon

H1439

gidon, an israelite

כִּֽי3 of 20
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

מַלְאַ֣ךְ4 of 20

an angel

H4397

a messenger; specifically, of god, i.e., an angel (also a prophet, priest or teacher)

יְהוָ֔ה5 of 20

of the LORD

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

ה֑וּא6 of 20
H1931

he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo

וַיֹּ֣אמֶר7 of 20

said

H559

to say (used with great latitude)

גִּדְע֗וֹן8 of 20

And when Gideon

H1439

gidon, an israelite

אֲהָהּ֙9 of 20

Alas

H162

oh!

אֲדֹנָ֣י10 of 20

O Lord

H136

the lord (used as a proper name of god only)

יְהוִ֔ה11 of 20

GOD

H3069

god

כִּֽי12 of 20
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

עַל13 of 20
H5921

above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

כֵּ֤ן14 of 20

for because

H3651

properly, set upright; hence (figuratively as adjective) just; but usually (as adverb or conjunction) rightly or so (in various applications to manner

רָאִ֙יתִי֙15 of 20

I have seen

H7200

to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)

מַלְאַ֣ךְ16 of 20

an angel

H4397

a messenger; specifically, of god, i.e., an angel (also a prophet, priest or teacher)

יְהוָ֔ה17 of 20

of the LORD

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

פָּנִֽים׃18 of 20

face

H6440

the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi

אֶל19 of 20
H413

near, with or among; often in general, to

פָּנִֽים׃20 of 20

face

H6440

the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Judges. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Judges 6:22 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Judges 6:22 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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