King James Version

What Does John 6:31 Mean?

John 6:31 in the King James Version says “Our fathers did eat manna in the desert; as it is written, He gave them bread from heaven to eat. — study this verse from John chapter 6 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

Our fathers did eat manna in the desert; as it is written, He gave them bread from heaven to eat.

John 6:31 · KJV


Context

29

Jesus answered and said unto them, This is the work of God, that ye believe on him whom he hath sent.

30

They said therefore unto him, What sign shewest thou then, that we may see, and believe thee? what dost thou work?

31

Our fathers did eat manna in the desert; as it is written, He gave them bread from heaven to eat.

32

Then Jesus said unto them, Verily, verily, I say unto you, Moses gave you not that bread from heaven; but my Father giveth you the true bread from heaven.

33

For the bread of God is he which cometh down from heaven, and giveth life unto the world.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
The crowd cites 'our fathers did eat manna in the desert; as it is written, He gave them bread from heaven to eat' (Psalm 78:24), implicitly challenging Jesus to match Moses' provision. Their appeal to Scripture and ancestry reveals how we can use biblical truth to resist present revelation. They cite manna but miss its fulfillment standing before them.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Manna (Exodus 16) sustained Israel for 40 years in the wilderness. The crowd's reference connects Jesus' feeding miracle to that historical provision, but they fail to see Jesus as the greater Moses providing superior bread.

Reflection Questions

  1. How can we use Scripture to resist rather than receive Christ's revelation?
  2. What does this passage teach about the relationship between Old Testament types and their New Testament fulfillment?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 19 words
οἱ1 of 19
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

πατέρες2 of 19

fathers

G3962

a "father" (literally or figuratively, near or more remote)

ἡμῶν3 of 19

Our

G2257

of (or from) us

τὸ4 of 19
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

μάννα5 of 19

manna

G3131

manna (i.e., man), an edible gum

φαγεῖν6 of 19

did eat

G5315

to eat (literally or figuratively)

ἐν7 of 19

in

G1722

"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc

τῇ8 of 19
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ἐρήμῳ9 of 19

the desert

G2048

lonesome, i.e., (by implication) waste (usually as a noun, g5561 being implied)

καθώς10 of 19

as

G2531

just (or inasmuch) as, that

ἐστιν11 of 19

it is

G2076

he (she or it) is; also (with neuter plural) they are

γεγραμμένον12 of 19

written

G1125

to "grave", especially to write; figuratively, to describe

Ἄρτον13 of 19

bread

G740

bread (as raised) or a loaf

ἐκ14 of 19

from

G1537

a primary preposition denoting origin (the point whence action or motion proceeds), from, out (of place, time, or cause literal or figurative; direct

τοῦ15 of 19
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

οὐρανοῦ16 of 19

heaven

G3772

the sky; by extension, heaven (as the abode of god); by implication, happiness, power, eternity; specially, the gospel (christianity)

ἔδωκεν17 of 19

He gave

G1325

to give (used in a very wide application, properly, or by implication, literally or figuratively; greatly modified by the connection)

αὐτοῖς18 of 19

them

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

φαγεῖν19 of 19

did eat

G5315

to eat (literally or figuratively)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of John. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

John 6:31 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to John 6:31 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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