King James Version

What Does Job 18:20 Mean?

Job 18:20 in the King James Version says “They that come after him shall be astonied at his day, as they that went before were affrighted . went: or, lived with h... — study this verse from Job chapter 18 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

They that come after him shall be astonied at his day, as they that went before were affrighted . went: or, lived with him were: Heb. laid hold on horror

Job 18:20 · KJV


Context

18

He shall be driven from light into darkness, and chased out of the world. He: Heb. They shall drive him

19

He shall neither have son nor nephew among his people, nor any remaining in his dwellings.

20

They that come after him shall be astonied at his day, as they that went before were affrighted . went: or, lived with him were: Heb. laid hold on horror

21

Surely such are the dwellings of the wicked, and this is the place of him that knoweth not God.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
The wicked become objects of horror: 'They that come after him shall be astonied at his day, as they that went before were affrighted.' Future and past generations alike react with horror to the wicked's fate. The Hebrew 'shamem' (astonished/appalled) suggests stunned horror. Bildad predicts Job will become cautionary tale—exactly what his friends have attempted to make him. Ironically, Job does become example, but of faithfulness under trial, not wickedness judged.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Ancient Near Eastern texts often referred to past examples as warnings (Sodom, Korah's rebellion). Bildad assumes Job will join such examples—famous for receiving judgment. Scripture indeed remembers Job, but as model of perseverance (James 5:11).

Reflection Questions

  1. How does Job's actual legacy (model of faithfulness) contradict his friends' predictions?
  2. What does this teach about our inability to discern God's ultimate purposes in present suffering?
  3. How should awareness of our limited perspective make us cautious about explaining others' suffering?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 7 words
עַל1 of 7
H5921

above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

י֭וֹמוֹ2 of 7

at his day

H3117

a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an asso

נָשַׁ֣מּוּ3 of 7

him shall be astonied

H8074

to stun (or intransitively, grow numb), i.e., devastate or (figuratively) stupefy (both usually in a passive sense)

אַחֲרֹנִ֑ים4 of 7

They that come after

H314

hinder; generally, late or last; specifically (as facing the east) western

וְ֝קַדְמֹנִ֗ים5 of 7

as they that went before

H6931

(of time) anterior or (of place) oriental

אָ֣חֲזוּ6 of 7

were affrighted

H270

to seize (often with the accessory idea of holding in possession)

שָֽׂעַר׃7 of 7
H8178

a tempest


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Job. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Job 18:20 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Job 18:20 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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