King James Version

What Does Job 16:13 Mean?

Job 16:13 in the King James Version says “His archers compass me round about, he cleaveth my reins asunder, and doth not spare; he poureth out my gall upon the gr... — study this verse from Job chapter 16 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

His archers compass me round about, he cleaveth my reins asunder, and doth not spare; he poureth out my gall upon the ground.

Job 16:13 · KJV


Context

11

God hath delivered me to the ungodly, and turned me over into the hands of the wicked. hath: Heb. hath shut me up

12

I was at ease, but he hath broken me asunder: he hath also taken me by my neck, and shaken me to pieces, and set me up for his mark.

13

His archers compass me round about, he cleaveth my reins asunder, and doth not spare; he poureth out my gall upon the ground.

14

He breaketh me with breach upon breach, he runneth upon me like a giant.

15

I have sewed sackcloth upon my skin, and defiled my horn in the dust.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Job describes God's attack: 'His archers compass me round about, he cleaveth my reins asunder, and doth not spare; he poureth out my gall upon the ground.' Vivid military imagery depicts God as archer shooting at Job from all sides. 'Reins' (kidneys) represent the innermost being—God's arrows pierce Job's core. Pouring out gall (bile) suggests internal injuries. This graphic language expresses Job's experience of suffering as divine assault. His honesty in describing feeling attacked by God models authentic lament.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Ancient warfare involved archers surrounding and overwhelming targets. Internal organs (reins, gall) were understood as seats of emotion and life. Job uses military imagery his contemporaries would immediately grasp to describe his suffering's intensity.

Reflection Questions

  1. How do we make space for honest expressions of feeling attacked by God while maintaining that He is good?
  2. What is the difference between describing how suffering feels versus making theological claims about God's character?
  3. How does Christ's experience of feeling forsaken by God validate our expressions of similar feelings?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 10 words
יָ֘סֹ֤בּוּ1 of 10

compass me round about

H5437

to revolve, surround, or border; used in various applications, literally and figuratively

עָלַ֨י׀2 of 10
H5921

above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

רַבָּ֗יו3 of 10

His archers

H7228

an archer

יְפַלַּ֣ח4 of 10

asunder

H6398

to slice, i.e., break open or pierce

כִּ֭לְיוֹתַי5 of 10

my reins

H3629

a kidney (as an essential organ); figuratively, the mind (as the interior self)

וְלֹ֣א6 of 10
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

יַחְמ֑וֹל7 of 10

and doth not spare

H2550

to commiserate; by implication, to spare

יִשְׁפֹּ֥ךְ8 of 10

he poureth out

H8210

to spill forth (blood, a libation, liquid metal; or even a solid, i.e., to mound up); also (figuratively) to expend (life, soul, complaint, money, etc

לָ֝אָ֗רֶץ9 of 10

upon the ground

H776

the earth (at large, or partitively a land)

מְרֵרָֽתִי׃10 of 10

my gall

H4845

bile (from its bitterness)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Job. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Job 16:13 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Job 16:13 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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