King James Version

What Does Jeremiah 18:10 Mean?

Jeremiah 18:10 in the King James Version says “If it do evil in my sight, that it obey not my voice, then I will repent of the good, wherewith I said I would benefit t... — study this verse from Jeremiah chapter 18 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

If it do evil in my sight, that it obey not my voice, then I will repent of the good, wherewith I said I would benefit them.

Jeremiah 18:10 · KJV


Context

8

If that nation, against whom I have pronounced, turn from their evil, I will repent of the evil that I thought to do unto them.

9

And at what instant I shall speak concerning a nation, and concerning a kingdom, to build and to plant it;

10

If it do evil in my sight, that it obey not my voice, then I will repent of the good, wherewith I said I would benefit them.

11

Now therefore go to, speak to the men of Judah, and to the inhabitants of Jerusalem, saying, Thus saith the LORD; Behold, I frame evil against you, and devise a device against you: return ye now every one from his evil way, and make your ways and your doings good.

12

And they said, There is no hope: but we will walk after our own devices, and we will every one do the imagination of his evil heart.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
The corresponding condition: "If it do evil in my sight, that it obey not my voice, then I will repent of the good, wherewith I said I would benefit them." Just as repentance averts judgment (v. 8), persistent evil forfeits blessing. "Do evil in my sight" emphasizes that God evaluates behavior—human rationalizations and cultural relativism are irrelevant. "That it obey not my voice" specifies the evil as disobedience to God's revealed will.

Again God "repents" (relents)—this time withdrawing promised good rather than threatened evil. The consistency: God responds appropriately to human moral choices. Faithfulness brings blessing, unfaithfulness brings judgment. This isn't arbitrary mood swings but the unchanging character of a holy God responding consistently to changing human behavior. God's immutability (Mal 3:6, Jas 1:17) doesn't mean rigid unchangeableness but consistent faithfulness to His character and purposes.

This principle explains Israel's history—cycles of blessing under faithful kings and judgment under wicked ones (Judges, Kings). It warns Christian nations not to presume upon past blessings. Reformed theology's doctrine of common grace teaches that God can withdraw temporal blessings from unfaithful nations while still accomplishing His eternal purposes. Christ's kingdom alone endures forever because it's founded on His perfect obedience, not ours (Heb 12:28).

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Historical & Cultural Context

Israel's covenant blessings were explicitly conditional on obedience (Lev 26, Deut 28). Despite God's electing love, persistent disobedience brought exile. Other nations also experienced rise and fall based on moral and spiritual conditions. Egypt, Assyria, Babylon, Persia, Greece, and Rome all rose to prominence and then fell under divine judgment. History demonstrates that no nation is too powerful to escape God's moral governance.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does this principle of forfeited blessing through disobedience apply to your personal life?
  2. What are the signs that a nation or individual is 'doing evil in God's sight' despite outward prosperity?
  3. How does Christ's perfect obedience secure permanent blessings that conditional obedience could never achieve?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 13 words
וְעָשָׂ֤ה1 of 13

If it do

H6213

to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application

הָרַע֙ה2 of 13

evil

H7451

bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral)

בְּעֵינַ֔י3 of 13

in my sight

H5869

an eye (literally or figuratively); by analogy, a fountain (as the eye of the landscape)

לְבִלְתִּ֖י4 of 13
H1115

properly, a failure of, i.e., (used only as a negative particle, usually with a prepositional prefix) not, except, without, unless, besides, because n

שְׁמֹ֣עַ5 of 13

that it obey

H8085

to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)

בְּקוֹלִ֑י6 of 13

not my voice

H6963

a voice or sound

וְנִֽחַמְתִּי֙7 of 13

then I will repent

H5162

properly, to sigh, i.e., breathe strongly; by implication, to be sorry, i.e., (in a favorable sense) to pity, console or (reflexively) rue; or (unfavo

עַל8 of 13
H5921

above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

הַטּוֹבָ֔ה9 of 13

of the good

H2896

good (as an adjective) in the widest sense; used likewise as a noun, both in the masculine and the feminine, the singular and the plural (good, a good

אֲשֶׁ֥ר10 of 13
H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

אָמַ֖רְתִּי11 of 13

wherewith I said

H559

to say (used with great latitude)

לְהֵיטִ֥יב12 of 13

I would benefit

H3190

to be (causative) make well, literally (sound, beautiful) or figuratively (happy, successful, right)

אוֹתֽוֹ׃13 of 13
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Jeremiah. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Jeremiah 18:10 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Jeremiah 18:10 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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