King James Version

What Does 1 Samuel 15:11 Mean?

1 Samuel 15:11 in the King James Version says “It repenteth me that I have set up Saul to be king: for he is turned back from following me, and hath not performed my c... — study this verse from 1 Samuel chapter 15 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

It repenteth me that I have set up Saul to be king: for he is turned back from following me, and hath not performed my commandments. And it grieved Samuel; and he cried unto the LORD all night.

1 Samuel 15:11 · KJV


Context

9

But Saul and the people spared Agag, and the best of the sheep, and of the oxen, and of the fatlings, and the lambs, and all that was good, and would not utterly destroy them: but every thing that was vile and refuse, that they destroyed utterly. fatlings: or, second sort

10

Then came the word of the LORD unto Samuel, saying,

11

It repenteth me that I have set up Saul to be king: for he is turned back from following me, and hath not performed my commandments. And it grieved Samuel; and he cried unto the LORD all night.

12

And when Samuel rose early to meet Saul in the morning, it was told Samuel, saying, Saul came to Carmel, and, behold, he set him up a place, and is gone about, and passed on, and gone down to Gilgal.

13

And Samuel came to Saul: and Saul said unto him, Blessed be thou of the LORD: I have performed the commandment of the LORD.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
It repenteth me that I have set up Saul to be king: for he is turned back from following me, and hath not performed my commandments. And it grieved Samuel; and he cried unto the LORD all night.

God's statement 'It repenteth me that I have set up Saul to be king' uses the Hebrew nacham, expressing grief and sorrow rather than admission of mistake. Divine 'repentance' describes God's genuine emotional response to human failure, not change in His eternal purposes. The stated reason - 'he is turned back from following me, and hath not performed my commandments' - identifies the fundamental problem: Saul's heart has turned while his outward religious activity continues. Samuel's response - 'he cried unto the LORD all night' - reveals prophetic grief that matches divine sorrow.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

The Hebrew nacham when applied to God expresses emotional response within relational context. Numbers 23:19 and this chapter's verse 29 clarify that God does not 'repent' in the sense of regretting decisions or changing immutable purposes. Samuel's all-night prayer shows the prophet's deep investment in Saul despite coming judgment.

Reflection Questions

  1. How do we understand divine 'repentance' without implying God made a mistake?
  2. What does Samuel's all-night intercession reveal about faithful prophetic ministry?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 20 words
נִחַ֗מְתִּי1 of 20

It repenteth

H5162

properly, to sigh, i.e., breathe strongly; by implication, to be sorry, i.e., (in a favorable sense) to pity, console or (reflexively) rue; or (unfavo

כִּֽי2 of 20
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

הִמְלַ֤כְתִּי3 of 20

me that I have set up

H4427

to reign; hence (by implication) to take counsel

אֶת4 of 20
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

שָׁאוּל֙5 of 20

Saul

H7586

shaul, the name of an edomite and two israelites

לְמֶ֔לֶךְ6 of 20

to be king

H4428

a king

כִּי7 of 20
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

שָׁב֙8 of 20

for he is turned back

H7725

to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point);

מֵאַֽחֲרַ֔י9 of 20

from following

H310

properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)

וְאֶת10 of 20
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

דְּבָרַ֖י11 of 20

my commandments

H1697

a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause

לֹ֣א12 of 20
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

הֵקִ֑ים13 of 20

me and hath not performed

H6965

to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative)

וַיִּ֙חַר֙14 of 20

And it grieved

H2734

to glow or grow warm; figuratively (usually) to blaze up, of anger, zeal, jealousy

לִשְׁמוּאֵ֔ל15 of 20

Samuel

H8050

shemuel, the name of three israelites

וַיִּזְעַ֥ק16 of 20

and he cried

H2199

to shriek (from anguish or danger); by analogy, (as a herald) to announce or convene publicly

אֶל17 of 20
H413

near, with or among; often in general, to

יְהוָ֖ה18 of 20

unto the LORD

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

כָּל19 of 20
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

הַלָּֽיְלָה׃20 of 20

all night

H3915

properly, a twist (away of the light), i.e., night; figuratively, adversity


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Samuel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Samuel 15:11 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 1 Samuel 15:11 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Test Your Knowledge

Continue Your Study