King James Version

What Does Genesis 37:22 Mean?

Genesis 37:22 in the King James Version says “And Reuben said unto them, Shed no blood, but cast him into this pit that is in the wilderness, and lay no hand upon him... — study this verse from Genesis chapter 37 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And Reuben said unto them, Shed no blood, but cast him into this pit that is in the wilderness, and lay no hand upon him; that he might rid him out of their hands, to deliver him to his father again.

Genesis 37:22 · KJV


Context

20

Come now therefore, and let us slay him, and cast him into some pit, and we will say, Some evil beast hath devoured him: and we shall see what will become of his dreams.

21

And Reuben heard it, and he delivered him out of their hands; and said, Let us not kill him.

22

And Reuben said unto them, Shed no blood, but cast him into this pit that is in the wilderness, and lay no hand upon him; that he might rid him out of their hands, to deliver him to his father again.

23

And it came to pass, when Joseph was come unto his brethren, that they stript Joseph out of his coat, his coat of many colours that was on him; colours: or, pieces

24

And they took him, and cast him into a pit: and the pit was empty, there was no water in it.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And Reuben said unto them, Shed no blood, but cast him into this pit that is in the wilderness, and ... This passage is part of the Joseph narrative, a masterfully crafted account demonstrating God's sovereign providence working through human choices and circumstances to accomplish His redemptive purposes. The Joseph cycle shows how God transforms evil intentions into instruments of salvation.

Central themes include divine providence orchestrating events toward redemptive ends, the testing and refinement of character through suffering and success, forgiveness overcoming betrayal and injustice, and the preservation of God's covenant people through famine. Joseph's rise from slavery to second-in-command of Egypt illustrates how God exalts the humble and uses seeming disasters for ultimate good.

Theologically, these chapters reveal: (1) God's meticulous sovereignty over all events, even evil human actions; (2) suffering as preparation for future service rather than punishment; (3) forgiveness as reflecting divine character and enabling reconciliation; (4) God's covenant faithfulness across generations ensuring the survival and blessing of His people; (5) how present suffering gains meaning when viewed from the perspective of God's larger purposes. Joseph's words "you meant evil against me, but God meant it for good" (50:20) epitomize biblical theodicy and providence.

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Historical & Cultural Context

The patriarchal narratives (Genesis 12-50) reflect the cultural, social, and legal customs of the ancient Near East during the Middle Bronze Age (2000-1500 BCE). Archaeological discoveries including the Mari tablets, Nuzi tablets, and Egyptian records confirm many details: nomadic pastoralism, covenant-making ceremonies, marriage customs, property laws, and international travel patterns described in Genesis.

The cultural practices reflected include: treaty/covenant forms (Genesis 15), bride-price customs (Genesis 24, 29), inheritance laws favoring firstborn sons (Genesis 25, 27), adoption practices (Genesis 15, 30), levirate-type arrangements (Genesis 38), and Egyptian administrative systems (Genesis 41, 47). These parallels confirm Genesis's historical reliability while showing how God worked within ancient cultural frameworks to accomplish His purposes.

For later Israelites, these narratives established their identity as Abraham's descendants, explained their claim to Canaan, justified their possession of Joseph's bones (Exodus 13:19), and provided models of faith despite imperfection. The patriarchs' failures and God's faithfulness encouraged Israel that covenant relationship depended on God's grace rather than human merit. The movement from Mesopotamia to Canaan to Egypt set the stage for the Exodus and conquest narratives.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does understanding this verse shape our doctrine of humanity, sin, or salvation?
  2. What specific changes in thinking or behavior does this verse call us to make?
  3. How does understanding Christ as the ultimate fulfillment illuminate this passage's meaning?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 24 words
וַיֹּ֨אמֶר1 of 24

said

H559

to say (used with great latitude)

אֲלֵהֶ֣ם׀2 of 24
H413

near, with or among; often in general, to

רְאוּבֵן֮3 of 24

And Reuben

H7205

reuben, a son of jacob

אַל4 of 24
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

תִּשְׁפְּכוּ5 of 24

unto them Shed

H8210

to spill forth (blood, a libation, liquid metal; or even a solid, i.e., to mound up); also (figuratively) to expend (life, soul, complaint, money, etc

דָם֒6 of 24

no blood

H1818

blood (as that which when shed causes death) of man or an animal; by analogy, the juice of the grape; figuratively (especially in the plural) bloodshe

הַשְׁלִ֣יכוּ7 of 24

but cast

H7993

to throw out, down or away (literally or figuratively)

אֹת֗וֹ8 of 24
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

אֶל9 of 24
H413

near, with or among; often in general, to

הַבּ֤וֹר10 of 24

him into this pit

H953

a pit hole (especially one used as a cistern or a prison)

הַזֶּה֙11 of 24
H2088

the masculine demonstrative pronoun, this or that

אֲשֶׁ֣ר12 of 24
H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

בַּמִּדְבָּ֔ר13 of 24

that is in the wilderness

H4057

a pasture (i.e., open field, whither cattle are driven); by implication, a desert

מִיָּדָ֔ם14 of 24

him out of their hands

H3027

a hand (the open one [indicating power, means, direction, etc.], in distinction from h3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great v

אַל15 of 24
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

תִּשְׁלְחוּ16 of 24

and lay

H7971

to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications)

ב֑וֹ17 of 24
H0
לְמַ֗עַן18 of 24
H4616

properly, heed, i.e., purpose; used only adverbially, on account of (as a motive or an aim), teleologically, in order that

הַצִּ֤יל19 of 24

upon him that he might rid

H5337

to snatch away, whether in a good or a bad sense

אֹתוֹ֙20 of 24
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

מִיָּדָ֔ם21 of 24

him out of their hands

H3027

a hand (the open one [indicating power, means, direction, etc.], in distinction from h3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great v

לַֽהֲשִׁיב֖וֹ22 of 24

again

H7725

to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point);

אֶל23 of 24
H413

near, with or among; often in general, to

אָבִֽיו׃24 of 24

him to his father

H1

father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Genesis. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Genesis 37:22 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Genesis 37:22 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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