King James Version

What Does Galatians 1:23 Mean?

Galatians 1:23 in the King James Version says “But they had heard only, That he which persecuted us in times past now preacheth the faith which once he destroyed. — study this verse from Galatians chapter 1 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

But they had heard only, That he which persecuted us in times past now preacheth the faith which once he destroyed.

Galatians 1:23 · KJV


Context

21

Afterwards I came into the regions of Syria and Cilicia;

22

And was unknown by face unto the churches of Judaea which were in Christ:

23

But they had heard only, That he which persecuted us in times past now preacheth the faith which once he destroyed.

24

And they glorified God in me.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
But they had heard only, That he which persecuted us in times past now preacheth the faith which once he destroyed. Though unknown by face, Paul was famous by reputation. "But they had heard only" (monon de akouontes ēsan, μόνον δὲ ἀκούοντες ἦσαν) uses imperfect periphrastic construction indicating continuous ongoing hearing—reports kept coming. Monon ("only") emphasizes they had reports but no personal contact.

"That he which persecuted us in times past" (hoti ho diōkōn hēmas pote)—Paul's reputation as persecutor was notorious. Pote ("formerly, once") distinguishes past from present. "Now preacheth the faith" (nun euangelizetai tēn pistin)—euangelizō means "proclaims good news." Pistis (πίστις) here means "the faith," objective body of doctrine, not merely subjective believing. Paul proclaims the very belief system he formerly attacked.

"Which once he destroyed" (hēn pote eporthei, ἣν ποτε ἐπόρθει)—portheō (πορθέω, same verb as 1:13) means "ravage, destroy, devastate" (military language). The dramatic reversal—from destroyer to proclaimer—testified to supernatural conversion. No natural progression or human influence explains such radical transformation. This ironclad testimony to divine intervention silenced accusations that Paul invented his gospel.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Paul's transformation became legendary in early Christianity. Acts records his persecution in detail (7:58-8:3, 9:1-2), his conversion on Damascus road (9:3-9), and initial skepticism he encountered from believers (9:13-14, 26). The irony of the chief persecutor becoming chief apostle displayed God's grace and power. This encouraged believers facing persecution—if God could save Paul, no one was beyond reach. It also validated Paul's apostolic authority—his dramatic conversion authenticated his commission. Later opponents couldn't claim gradual theological evolution corrupted pure original gospel when Paul's transformation was instantaneous and complete.

Reflection Questions

  1. In what ways does your personal testimony of God's transforming grace serve as irrefutable evidence of gospel truth?
  2. What past opposition to God or His people has He remarkably reversed in your life?
  3. Should the possibility of dramatic conversion like Paul's shape our prayers for Christianity's current opponents differently?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 16 words
μόνον1 of 16

only

G3440

merely

δὲ2 of 16

But

G1161

but, and, etc

ἀκούοντες3 of 16

heard

G191

to hear (in various senses)

ἦσαν4 of 16

they had

G2258

i (thou, etc.) was (wast or were)

ὅτι5 of 16

That

G3754

demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because

6 of 16
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

διώκων7 of 16

he which persecuted

G1377

compare the base of g1169 and g1249); to pursue (literally or figuratively); by implication, to persecute

ἡμᾶς8 of 16

us

G2248

us

ποτε9 of 16

in times past

G4218

indefinite adverb, at some time, ever

νῦν10 of 16

now

G3568

"now" (as adverb of date, a transition or emphasis); also as noun or adjective present or immediate

εὐαγγελίζεται11 of 16

preacheth

G2097

to announce good news ("evangelize") especially the gospel

τὴν12 of 16
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

πίστιν13 of 16

the faith

G4102

persuasion, i.e., credence; moral conviction (of religious truth, or the truthfulness of god or a religious teacher), especially reliance upon christ

ἥν14 of 16

which

G3739

the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that

ποτε15 of 16

in times past

G4218

indefinite adverb, at some time, ever

ἐπόρθει16 of 16

he destroyed

G4199

to ravage (figuratively)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Galatians. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Galatians 1:23 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Galatians 1:23 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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