King James Version

What Does Ezekiel 18:23 Mean?

Ezekiel 18:23 in the King James Version says “Have I any pleasure at all that the wicked should die? saith the Lord GOD: and not that he should return from his ways, ... — study this verse from Ezekiel chapter 18 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Have I any pleasure at all that the wicked should die? saith the Lord GOD: and not that he should return from his ways, and live?

Ezekiel 18:23 · KJV


Context

21

But if the wicked will turn from all his sins that he hath committed, and keep all my statutes, and do that which is lawful and right, he shall surely live, he shall not die.

22

All his transgressions that he hath committed, they shall not be mentioned unto him: in his righteousness that he hath done he shall live.

23

Have I any pleasure at all that the wicked should die? saith the Lord GOD: and not that he should return from his ways, and live?

24

But when the righteous turneth away from his righteousness, and committeth iniquity, and doeth according to all the abominations that the wicked man doeth, shall he live? All his righteousness that he hath done shall not be mentioned: in his trespass that he hath trespassed, and in his sin that he hath sinned, in them shall he die.

25

Yet ye say, The way of the Lord is not equal. Hear now, O house of Israel; Is not my way equal? are not your ways unequal?


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
God reveals His heart: "Have I any pleasure at all that the wicked should die? saith the Lord GOD: and not that he should return from his ways, and live?" This rhetorical question establishes that God takes no delight in judgment but desires repentance. The Hebrew word chaphets (חָפֵץ, "pleasure") indicates delight or desire. While God's holiness requires judging sin, His grace offers salvation. This tension between justice and mercy finds resolution in Christ's substitutionary atonement. The Reformed distinction between God's decretive and preceptive wills appears: God decrees some to judgment while sincerely offering salvation to all who repent.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Among fatalistic exiles (591 BC) who saw judgment as inevitable, this declaration offered hope. God doesn't arbitrarily condemn but calls all to repentance. The phrase "return from his ways" uses the Hebrew shub (שׁוּב), meaning turn back or repent—the fundamental prophetic call. While theological debates continue over the relationship between divine sovereignty and human responsibility, this verse clearly affirms God's sincere desire for sinners' repentance. The gospel call genuinely offers salvation to all, though only the elect respond through effectual grace.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does God's lack of pleasure in judgment challenge caricatures of Him as vindictive or arbitrary?
  2. What is the relationship between God's sincere desire for repentance and the doctrine of election?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 11 words
אֶחְפֹּץ֙1 of 11

Have I any pleasure

H2654

properly, to incline to; by implication (literally but rarely) to bend; figuratively, to be pleased with, desire

אֶחְפֹּץ֙2 of 11

Have I any pleasure

H2654

properly, to incline to; by implication (literally but rarely) to bend; figuratively, to be pleased with, desire

מ֣וֹת3 of 11

should die

H4194

death (natural or violent); concretely, the dead, their place or state (hades); figuratively, pestilence, ruin

רָשָׁ֔ע4 of 11

that the wicked

H7563

morally wrong; concretely, an (actively) bad person

נְאֻ֖ם5 of 11

saith

H5002

an oracle

אֲדֹנָ֣י6 of 11

the Lord

H136

the lord (used as a proper name of god only)

יְהוִ֑ה7 of 11

GOD

H3069

god

הֲל֛וֹא8 of 11
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

בְּשׁוּב֥וֹ9 of 11

and not that he should return

H7725

to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point);

מִדְּרָכָ֖יו10 of 11

from his ways

H1870

a road (as trodden); figuratively, a course of life or mode of action, often adverb

וְחָיָֽה׃11 of 11

and live

H2421

to live, whether literally or figuratively; causatively, to revive


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Ezekiel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Ezekiel 18:23 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Ezekiel 18:23 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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