King James Version

What Does Ezekiel 18:21 Mean?

Ezekiel 18:21 in the King James Version says “But if the wicked will turn from all his sins that he hath committed, and keep all my statutes, and do that which is law... — study this verse from Ezekiel chapter 18 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

But if the wicked will turn from all his sins that he hath committed, and keep all my statutes, and do that which is lawful and right, he shall surely live, he shall not die.

Ezekiel 18:21 · KJV


Context

19

Yet say ye, Why? doth not the son bear the iniquity of the father? When the son hath done that which is lawful and right, and hath kept all my statutes, and hath done them, he shall surely live.

20

The soul that sinneth, it shall die. The son shall not bear the iniquity of the father, neither shall the father bear the iniquity of the son: the righteousness of the righteous shall be upon him, and the wickedness of the wicked shall be upon him.

21

But if the wicked will turn from all his sins that he hath committed, and keep all my statutes, and do that which is lawful and right, he shall surely live, he shall not die.

22

All his transgressions that he hath committed, they shall not be mentioned unto him: in his righteousness that he hath done he shall live.

23

Have I any pleasure at all that the wicked should die? saith the Lord GOD: and not that he should return from his ways, and live?


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
"But if the wicked will turn from all his sins that he hath committed, and keep all my statutes, and do that which is lawful and right, he shall surely live, he shall not die." God offers hope to the wicked through genuine repentance. The phrase "turn from all his sins" emphasizes comprehensive transformation, not selective reformation. True repentance involves both turning from sin and turning to God's statutes. The promise "he shall surely live" guarantees salvation for genuine converts. This demonstrates both God's justice (sin brings death) and mercy (repentance brings life). The gospel offers this hope to all who truly repent.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

The exiles (591 BC) needed assurance that genuine repentance would be accepted despite past wickedness. This encouraged hope while maintaining moral seriousness. The principle appears throughout Scripture: God welcomes repentant sinners regardless of past (Luke 15:11-24, 1 Corinthians 6:9-11). However, the repentance must be genuine—comprehensive turning from sin, not mere regret. This shaped Christian understanding of conversion: radical transformation through faith and repentance, not gradual self-improvement.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does the promise that the wicked can live through repentance demonstrate God's mercy?
  2. What does comprehensive turning from sin involve practically?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 18 words
וְהָרָשָׁ֗ע1 of 18

But if the wicked

H7563

morally wrong; concretely, an (actively) bad person

כִּ֤י2 of 18
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

יָשׁוּב֙3 of 18

will turn

H7725

to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point);

מִכָּל4 of 18
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

חַטֹּאתָו֙5 of 18

from all his sins

H2403

an offence (sometimes habitual sinfulness), and its penalty, occasion, sacrifice, or expiation; also (concretely) an offender

אֲשֶׁ֣ר6 of 18
H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

וְעָשָׂ֥ה7 of 18

and do

H6213

to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application

וְשָׁמַר֙8 of 18

and keep

H8104

properly, to hedge about (as with thorns), i.e., guard; generally, to protect, attend to, etc

אֶת9 of 18
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

כָּל10 of 18
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

חֻקוֹתַ֔י11 of 18

all my statutes

H2708

a statute

וְעָשָׂ֥ה12 of 18

and do

H6213

to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application

מִשְׁפָּ֖ט13 of 18

that which is lawful

H4941

properly, a verdict (favorable or unfavorable) pronounced judicially, especially a sentence or formal decree (human or (participant's) divine law, ind

וּצְדָקָ֑ה14 of 18

and right

H6666

rightness (abstractly), subjectively (rectitude), objectively (justice), morally (virtue) or figuratively (prosperity)

יִחְיֶ֖ה15 of 18

he shall surely

H2421

to live, whether literally or figuratively; causatively, to revive

יִחְיֶ֖ה16 of 18

he shall surely

H2421

to live, whether literally or figuratively; causatively, to revive

לֹ֥א17 of 18
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

יָמֽוּת׃18 of 18

he shall not die

H4191

to die (literally or figuratively); causatively, to kill


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Ezekiel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Ezekiel 18:21 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Ezekiel 18:21 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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