King James Version

What Does Exodus 10:23 Mean?

Exodus 10:23 in the King James Version says “They saw not one another, neither rose any from his place for three days: but all the children of Israel had light in th... — study this verse from Exodus chapter 10 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

They saw not one another, neither rose any from his place for three days: but all the children of Israel had light in their dwellings.

Exodus 10:23 · KJV


Context

21

And the LORD said unto Moses, Stretch out thine hand toward heaven, that there may be darkness over the land of Egypt, even darkness which may be felt. even: Heb. that one may feel darkness

22

And Moses stretched forth his hand toward heaven; and there was a thick darkness in all the land of Egypt three days:

23

They saw not one another, neither rose any from his place for three days: but all the children of Israel had light in their dwellings.

24

And Pharaoh called unto Moses, and said, Go ye, serve the LORD; only let your flocks and your herds be stayed: let your little ones also go with you.

25

And Moses said, Thou must give us also sacrifices and burnt offerings, that we may sacrifice unto the LORD our God. us: Heb. into our hands


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Verse 23 introduces the plague of darkness, directly targeting Ra, Egypt's supreme sun god. Darkness covered Egypt for three days—'darkness which may be felt' (v.21)—while Israel had light in Goshen. This penultimate plague strikes at Egypt's chief deity.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Ra, the sun god, was Pharaoh's divine father and Egypt's supreme deity. His daily journey across sky sustained cosmic order (ma'at). Three days of darkness demonstrated Ra's impotence and YHWH's absolute supremacy over Egypt's highest god.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does this plague reveal the ultimate showdown between YHWH and Egypt's gods?
  2. What does the light in Goshen symbolize about God's people?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 17 words
לֹֽא1 of 17
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

רָא֞וּ2 of 17

They saw

H7200

to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)

אִ֥ישׁ3 of 17

any

H376

a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)

אֶת4 of 17
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

אָחִ֗יו5 of 17

another

H251

a brother (used in the widest sense of literal relationship and metaphorical affinity or resemblance [like h0001])

וְלֹא6 of 17
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

קָ֛מוּ7 of 17

neither rose

H6965

to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative)

אִ֥ישׁ8 of 17

any

H376

a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)

מִתַּחְתָּ֖יו9 of 17
H8478

the bottom (as depressed); only adverbially, below (often with prepositional prefix underneath), in lieu of, etc

שְׁלֹ֣שֶׁת10 of 17

from his place for three

H7969

three; occasionally (ordinal) third, or (multiple) thrice

יָמִ֑ים11 of 17

days

H3117

a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an asso

וּֽלְכָל12 of 17
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

בְּנֵ֧י13 of 17

but all the children

H1121

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or

יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל14 of 17

of Israel

H3478

he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity

הָ֥יָה15 of 17
H1961

to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)

א֖וֹר16 of 17

had light

H216

illumination or (concrete) luminary (in every sense, including lightning, happiness, etc.)

בְּמֽוֹשְׁבֹתָֽם׃17 of 17

in their dwellings

H4186

a seat; figuratively, a site; abstractly, a session; by extension an abode (the place or the time); by implication, population


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Exodus. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Exodus 10:23 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Exodus 10:23 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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