King James Version

What Does Deuteronomy 28:45 Mean?

Deuteronomy 28:45 in the King James Version says “Moreover all these curses shall come upon thee, and shall pursue thee, and overtake thee, till thou be destroyed; becaus... — study this verse from Deuteronomy chapter 28 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Moreover all these curses shall come upon thee, and shall pursue thee, and overtake thee, till thou be destroyed; because thou hearkenedst not unto the voice of the LORD thy God, to keep his commandments and his statutes which he commanded thee:

Deuteronomy 28:45 · KJV


Context

43

The stranger that is within thee shall get up above thee very high; and thou shalt come down very low.

44

He shall lend to thee, and thou shalt not lend to him: he shall be the head, and thou shalt be the tail.

45

Moreover all these curses shall come upon thee, and shall pursue thee, and overtake thee, till thou be destroyed; because thou hearkenedst not unto the voice of the LORD thy God, to keep his commandments and his statutes which he commanded thee:

46

And they shall be upon thee for a sign and for a wonder, and upon thy seed for ever.

47

Because thou servedst not the LORD thy God with joyfulness, and with gladness of heart, for the abundance of all things;


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Moreover all these curses shall come upon thee, and shall pursue thee, and overtake thee, till thou be destroyed; because thou hearkenedst not unto the voice of the LORD thy God, to keep his commandments and his statutes which he commanded thee. The Hebrew verbs intensify—curses will come (bo), pursue (radaph), and overtake (nasag). This describes relentless, inescapable judgment. Where blessings would pursue the obedient (verse 2), curses now pursue the disobedient unto shamad (destruction/extermination).

The cause is explicit: because thou hearkenedst not. Covenant curses aren't arbitrary divine cruelty—they're covenant-stipulated consequences for covenant violation. The same definiteness that promised blessing for obedience now guarantees curse for disobedience. God's covenant faithfulness operates both directions—He keeps His word in blessing and in judgment.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Israel's history validated this warning—despite prophetic calls to repentance, they continued in idolatry until Babylon destroyed Jerusalem (586 BC). Later, despite Jesus's warnings, AD 70 brought Roman devastation. Covenant curses pursued them relentlessly because covenant violations continued unrepented.

Reflection Questions

  1. What do the intensifying verbs (come, pursue, overtake) teach about the certainty and comprehensiveness of divine judgment?
  2. How does the explicit causal link ("because thou hearkenedst not") refute notions of arbitrary divine cruelty?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 20 words
וּבָ֨אוּ1 of 20

shall come

H935

to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)

עָלֶ֜יךָ2 of 20
H5921

above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

כָּל3 of 20
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

הַקְּלָל֣וֹת4 of 20

Moreover all these curses

H7045

vilification

הָאֵ֗לֶּה5 of 20
H428

these or those

וּרְדָפ֙וּךָ֙6 of 20

upon thee and shall pursue

H7291

to run after (usually with hostile intent; figuratively [of time] gone by)

וְהִשִּׂיג֔וּךָ7 of 20

thee and overtake

H5381

to reach (literally or figuratively)

עַ֖ד8 of 20
H5704

as far (or long, or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during, while, until) or degree (equally with)

הִשָּֽׁמְדָ֑ךְ9 of 20

thee till thou be destroyed

H8045

to desolate

כִּי10 of 20
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

לֹ֣א11 of 20
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

שָׁמַ֗עְתָּ12 of 20

because thou hearkenedst

H8085

to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)

בְּקוֹל֙13 of 20

not unto the voice

H6963

a voice or sound

יְהוָ֣ה14 of 20

of the LORD

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ15 of 20

thy God

H430

gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of

לִשְׁמֹ֛ר16 of 20

to keep

H8104

properly, to hedge about (as with thorns), i.e., guard; generally, to protect, attend to, etc

מִצְוֹתָ֥יו17 of 20

his commandments

H4687

a command, whether human or divine (collectively, the law)

וְחֻקֹּתָ֖יו18 of 20

and his statutes

H2708

a statute

אֲשֶׁ֥ר19 of 20
H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

צִוָּֽךְ׃20 of 20

which he commanded

H6680

(intensively) to constitute, enjoin


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Deuteronomy. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Deuteronomy 28:45 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Deuteronomy 28:45 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Test Your Knowledge

Continue Your Study