King James Version

What Does Acts 2:34 Mean?

Acts 2:34 in the King James Version says “For David is not ascended into the heavens: but he saith himself, The LORD said unto my Lord, Sit thou on my right hand, — study this verse from Acts chapter 2 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

For David is not ascended into the heavens: but he saith himself, The LORD said unto my Lord, Sit thou on my right hand,

Acts 2:34 · KJV


Context

32

This Jesus hath God raised up, whereof we all are witnesses.

33

Therefore being by the right hand of God exalted, and having received of the Father the promise of the Holy Ghost, he hath shed forth this, which ye now see and hear.

34

For David is not ascended into the heavens: but he saith himself, The LORD said unto my Lord, Sit thou on my right hand,

35

Until I make thy foes thy footstool .

36

Therefore let all the house of Israel know assuredly, that God hath made that same Jesus, whom ye have crucified, both Lord and Christ.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Peter quotes Psalm 110:1 - 'The LORD said unto my Lord, Sit thou on my right hand' - to prove Christ's deity and messianic identity. The Hebrew distinguishes Yahweh (LORD, covenant name) commanding Adonai (Lord, master) to sit enthroned. David calls his descendant 'Lord,' impossible unless this descendant is divine. Christ used this psalm to confound Pharisees (Matthew 22:41-46); Peter now wields it evangelistically.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Psalm 110 was unanimously recognized as messianic in Second Temple Judaism. David's authorship was undisputed. Peter's argument was devastating: if David prophesied about Messiah, and Jesus rose from death, then Jesus is Messiah and Lord. The logic was inescapable for those accepting Scripture's authority.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does Psalm 110's divine/human dyad prove Christ's deity within monotheistic Judaism?
  2. What does Christ's session at God's right hand mean for believers' present security and future hope?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 20 words
οὐ1 of 20

is not

G3756

the absolute negative (compare g3361) adverb; no or not

γὰρ2 of 20

For

G1063

properly, assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often with other particles)

Δαβὶδ3 of 20

David

G1138

david, the israelite king

ἀνέβη4 of 20

ascended

G305

to go up (literally or figuratively)

εἰς5 of 20

into

G1519

to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases

τοὺς6 of 20
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

οὐρανούς7 of 20

the heavens

G3772

the sky; by extension, heaven (as the abode of god); by implication, happiness, power, eternity; specially, the gospel (christianity)

λέγει8 of 20

he saith

G3004

properly, to "lay" forth, i.e., (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or set discourse; whereas g2036 and g5346 generally refer to an

δὲ9 of 20

but

G1161

but, and, etc

αὐτός10 of 20

himself

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

Εἶπεν11 of 20

said

G2036

to speak or say (by word or writing)

12 of 20
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

κυρίῳ13 of 20

Lord

G2962

supreme in authority, i.e., (as noun) controller; by implication, master (as a respectful title)

τῷ14 of 20
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

κυρίῳ15 of 20

Lord

G2962

supreme in authority, i.e., (as noun) controller; by implication, master (as a respectful title)

μου16 of 20

my

G3450

of me

Κάθου17 of 20

Sit thou

G2521

and ???? (to sit; akin to the base of g1476); to sit down; figuratively, to remain, reside

ἐκ18 of 20

on

G1537

a primary preposition denoting origin (the point whence action or motion proceeds), from, out (of place, time, or cause literal or figurative; direct

δεξιῶν19 of 20

right hand

G1188

the right side or (feminine) hand (as that which usually takes)

μου20 of 20

my

G3450

of me


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Acts. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Acts 2:34 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Acts 2:34 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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