King James Version

What Does 1 Samuel 25:43 Mean?

1 Samuel 25:43 in the King James Version says “David also took Ahinoam of Jezreel; and they were also both of them his wives. — study this verse from 1 Samuel chapter 25 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

David also took Ahinoam of Jezreel; and they were also both of them his wives.

1 Samuel 25:43 · KJV


Context

41

And she arose, and bowed herself on her face to the earth, and said, Behold, let thine handmaid be a servant to wash the feet of the servants of my lord.

42

And Abigail hasted, and arose, and rode upon an ass, with five damsels of hers that went after her; and she went after the messengers of David, and became his wife. after her: Heb. at her feet

43

David also took Ahinoam of Jezreel; and they were also both of them his wives.

44

But Saul had given Michal his daughter, David's wife, to Phalti the son of Laish, which was of Gallim.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
David also took Ahinoam of Jezreel; and they were also both of them his wives.

The narrative notes David's polygamy without explicit moral comment. Ahinoam of Jezreel (a town in Judah, not the northern valley) became David's wife apparently during this same period. The phrase 'both of them his wives' acknowledges the reality that ancient Near Eastern rulers commonly had multiple wives. This practice, while tolerated in the Old Testament, consistently produced family conflict—David's household would later suffer severely from the complications of polygamy. The narrative records without endorsing, demonstrating Scripture's honest portrayal of figures it otherwise commends. David's acquisition of multiple wives foreshadows troubles his household would endure.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Multiple wives indicated status and provided political alliances in ancient Near Eastern culture. The Mosaic law regulated but did not prohibit polygamy (Deuteronomy 21:15-17). David eventually had at least eight wives, contributing to family dysfunction.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does Scripture's honest recording of David's polygamy differ from endorsement?
  2. What complications did multiple marriages create for David's household and succession?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 10 words
וְאֶת1 of 10
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

אֲחִינֹ֛עַם2 of 10

Ahinoam

H293

achinoam, the name of two israelitesses

לָקַ֥ח3 of 10

also took

H3947

to take (in the widest variety of applications)

דָּוִ֖ד4 of 10

David

H1732

david, the youngest son of jesse

מִֽיִּזְרְעֶ֑אל5 of 10

of Jezreel

H3157

jizreel, the name of two places in palestine and of two israelites

וַתִּֽהְיֶ֛יןָ6 of 10
H1961

to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)

גַּֽם7 of 10
H1571

properly, assemblage; used only adverbially also, even, yea, though; often repeated as correl. both...and

שְׁתֵּיהֶ֥ן8 of 10

and they were also both

H8147

two; also (as ordinal) twofold

ל֖וֹ9 of 10
H0
לְנָשִֽׁים׃10 of 10

of them his wives

H802

a woman


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Samuel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Samuel 25:43 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 1 Samuel 25:43 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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