King James Version

What Does 1 Samuel 30:5 Mean?

1 Samuel 30:5 in the King James Version says “And David's two wives were taken captives, Ahinoam the Jezreelitess, and Abigail the wife of Nabal the Carmelite. — study this verse from 1 Samuel chapter 30 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And David's two wives were taken captives, Ahinoam the Jezreelitess, and Abigail the wife of Nabal the Carmelite.

1 Samuel 30:5 · KJV


Context

3

So David and his men came to the city, and, behold, it was burned with fire; and their wives, and their sons, and their daughters, were taken captives.

4

Then David and the people that were with him lifted up their voice and wept, until they had no more power to weep.

5

And David's two wives were taken captives, Ahinoam the Jezreelitess, and Abigail the wife of Nabal the Carmelite.

6

And David was greatly distressed; for the people spake of stoning him, because the soul of all the people was grieved, every man for his sons and for his daughters: but David encouraged himself in the LORD his God. grieved: Heb. bitter

7

And David said to Abiathar the priest, Ahimelech's son, I pray thee, bring me hither the ephod. And Abiathar brought thither the ephod to David.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
The personal detail that David's own two wives were among the captives connects the leader to his followers' suffering. Ahinoam and Abigail, named specifically, represent David's own stake in the disaster. He does not stand above his men's loss but shares it personally. This shared experience positions David to lead from common suffering rather than detached command. The repetition of names emphasizes that this is not abstract loss but intensely personal grief.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Naming both wives emphasizes that David's complete household was affected. Neither woman's prior status (Ahinoam from common background, Abigail from wealthy household) protected her from the common fate of all the women.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does sharing in others' suffering affect your ability to lead them?
  2. What difference does it make when leaders experience the same hardships as their followers?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 10 words
וּשְׁתֵּ֥י1 of 10

two

H8147

two; also (as ordinal) twofold

אֵ֖שֶׁת2 of 10

the wife

H802

a woman

דָוִ֖ד3 of 10

And David's

H1732

david, the youngest son of jesse

נִשְׁבּ֑וּ4 of 10

were taken captives

H7617

to transport into captivity

אֲחִינֹ֙עַם֙5 of 10

Ahinoam

H293

achinoam, the name of two israelitesses

הַיִּזְרְעֵלִ֔ית6 of 10

the Jezreelitess

H3159

a jezreelitess

וַֽאֲבִיגַ֕יִל7 of 10

and Abigail

H26

abigail or abigal, the name of two israelitesses

אֵ֖שֶׁת8 of 10

the wife

H802

a woman

נָבָ֥ל9 of 10

of Nabal

H5037

nabal, an israelite

הַֽכַּרְמְלִֽי׃10 of 10

the Carmelite

H3761

a karmelite or inhabitant of karmel (the town)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Samuel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Samuel 30:5 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 1 Samuel 30:5 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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