King James Version

What Does 1 Samuel 25:44 Mean?

1 Samuel 25:44 in the King James Version says “But Saul had given Michal his daughter, David's wife, to Phalti the son of Laish, which was of Gallim. — study this verse from 1 Samuel chapter 25 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

But Saul had given Michal his daughter, David's wife, to Phalti the son of Laish, which was of Gallim.

1 Samuel 25:44 · KJV


Context

42

And Abigail hasted, and arose, and rode upon an ass, with five damsels of hers that went after her; and she went after the messengers of David, and became his wife. after her: Heb. at her feet

43

David also took Ahinoam of Jezreel; and they were also both of them his wives.

44

But Saul had given Michal his daughter, David's wife, to Phalti the son of Laish, which was of Gallim.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
But Saul had given Michal his daughter, David's wife, to Phalti the son of Laish, which was of Gallim.

The chapter concludes with troubling news about David's first wife. Saul's giving Michal to another man violated both marriage covenant and his own earlier agreement. The Hebrew 'natan' (gave) treats Michal as property transferred without consent. Phalti (or Phaltiel, 2 Samuel 3:15) of Gallim received her apparently as reward for loyalty to Saul. This action severed David's connection to the royal house and declared him no longer son-in-law. The political significance was clear: Saul formally repudiated any relationship with David. Yet later, David would demand Michal's return (2 Samuel 3:13-16), creating its own complications. This verse introduces suffering that would shadow David's personal life.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Marriage to the king's daughter created political bonds Saul here severed. Gallim was in Benjamin, Saul's tribal territory. Phalti's later grief at losing Michal (2 Samuel 3:16) suggests genuine attachment developed during her years in his household.

Reflection Questions

  1. What does Saul's treatment of Michal reveal about his view of people as political tools?
  2. How do the consequences of this action extend into David's later reign?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 12 words
וְשָׁא֗וּל1 of 12

But Saul

H7586

shaul, the name of an edomite and two israelites

נָתַ֛ן2 of 12

had given

H5414

to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)

אֶת3 of 12
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

מִיכַ֥ל4 of 12

Michal

H4324

mikal, saul's daughter

בִּתּ֖וֹ5 of 12

his daughter

H1323

a daughter (used in the same wide sense as other terms of relationship, literally and figuratively)

אֵ֣שֶׁת6 of 12

wife

H802

a woman

דָּוִ֑ד7 of 12

David's

H1732

david, the youngest son of jesse

לְפַלְטִ֥י8 of 12

to Phalti

H6406

palti, the name of two israelites

בֶן9 of 12

the son

H1121

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or

לַ֖יִשׁ10 of 12

of Laish

H3919

laish, the name of two places in palestine

אֲשֶׁ֥ר11 of 12
H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

מִגַּלִּֽים׃12 of 12

which was of Gallim

H1554

gallim, a place in palestine


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Samuel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Samuel 25:44 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 1 Samuel 25:44 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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