King James Version

What Does 1 Samuel 2:31 Mean?

1 Samuel 2:31 in the King James Version says “Behold, the days come, that I will cut off thine arm, and the arm of thy father's house, that there shall not be an old ... — study this verse from 1 Samuel chapter 2 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Behold, the days come, that I will cut off thine arm, and the arm of thy father's house, that there shall not be an old man in thine house.

1 Samuel 2:31 · KJV


Context

29

Wherefore kick ye at my sacrifice and at mine offering, which I have commanded in my habitation; and honourest thy sons above me, to make yourselves fat with the chiefest of all the offerings of Israel my people?

30

Wherefore the LORD God of Israel saith, I said indeed that thy house, and the house of thy father, should walk before me for ever: but now the LORD saith, Be it far from me; for them that honour me I will honour, and they that despise me shall be lightly esteemed.

31

Behold, the days come, that I will cut off thine arm, and the arm of thy father's house, that there shall not be an old man in thine house.

32

And thou shalt see an enemy in my habitation, in all the wealth which God shall give Israel: and there shall not be an old man in thine house for ever. an enemy: or, the affliction of the tabernacle, for all the wealth which God would have given Israel

33

And the man of thine, whom I shall not cut off from mine altar, shall be to consume thine eyes, and to grieve thine heart: and all the increase of thine house shall die in the flower of their age. in the flower: Heb. men


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
The judgment oracle specifies consequences. 'Cutting off the arm' represents removal of strength and ability to serve. No 'old man' in the house means premature death across generations. The devastating phrase 'behold, the days come' introduces prophetic certainty - this is not threat but announcement of determined judgment. Eli's house will experience generational diminishment, watching descendants die young while others prosper. The punishment fits the crime: they abused sacred privilege, so sacred privilege is removed; they shortened others' worship, so their own days are shortened.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

The curse of shortened lifespans would be partially fulfilled in the slaughter at Nob (1 Samuel 22:18-19) and completed when Solomon expelled Abiathar (1 Kings 2:26-27). The gradual unfolding of this judgment demonstrates how prophetic curses work through history.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does prophetic judgment often unfold gradually rather than immediately?
  2. What does generational consequence teach about the seriousness of leadership failure?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 13 words
הִנֵּה֙1 of 13
H2009

lo!

יָמִ֣ים2 of 13

Behold the days

H3117

a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an asso

בָּאִ֔ים3 of 13

come

H935

to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)

וְגָֽדַעְתִּי֙4 of 13

that I will cut off

H1438

to fell a tree; generally, to destroy anything

אֶת5 of 13
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

זְרֹ֖עַ6 of 13

and the arm

H2220

the arm (as stretched out), or (of animals) the foreleg; figuratively, force

וְאֶת7 of 13
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

זְרֹ֖עַ8 of 13

and the arm

H2220

the arm (as stretched out), or (of animals) the foreleg; figuratively, force

בְּבֵיתֶֽךָ׃9 of 13

house

H1004

a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)

אָבִ֑יךָ10 of 13

of thy father's

H1

father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application

מִֽהְי֥וֹת11 of 13
H1961

to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)

זָקֵ֖ן12 of 13

that there shall not be an old man

H2205

old

בְּבֵיתֶֽךָ׃13 of 13

house

H1004

a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Samuel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Samuel 2:31 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 1 Samuel 2:31 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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