King James Version

What Does 1 Samuel 1:10 Mean?

1 Samuel 1:10 in the King James Version says “And she was in bitterness of soul, and prayed unto the LORD, and wept sore. in: Heb. bitter of soul — study this verse from 1 Samuel chapter 1 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And she was in bitterness of soul, and prayed unto the LORD, and wept sore. in: Heb. bitter of soul

1 Samuel 1:10 · KJV


Context

8

Then said Elkanah her husband to her, Hannah, why weepest thou? and why eatest thou not? and why is thy heart grieved? am not I better to thee than ten sons?

9

So Hannah rose up after they had eaten in Shiloh, and after they had drunk. Now Eli the priest sat upon a seat by a post of the temple of the LORD.

10

And she was in bitterness of soul, and prayed unto the LORD, and wept sore. in: Heb. bitter of soul

11

And she vowed a vow, and said, O LORD of hosts, if thou wilt indeed look on the affliction of thine handmaid, and remember me, and not forget thine handmaid, but wilt give unto thine handmaid a man child, then I will give him unto the LORD all the days of his life, and there shall no razor come upon his head. a man: Heb. seed of men

12

And it came to pass, as she continued praying before the LORD, that Eli marked her mouth. continued: Heb. multiplied to pray


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
The Hebrew expression 'bitterness of soul' (marat nephesh) describes extreme anguish reaching to the core of one's being. Hannah's prayer combined with weeping reveals integrated, whole-person engagement with God. The term 'wept sore' literally means 'weeping, she wept' - an intensive construction emphasizing the depth of her grief. Rather than suppressing her emotions before God, Hannah brought her raw pain into His presence. Biblical prayer does not require composed, polished words but honest expression of the heart's deepest cries.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Ancient Near Eastern religious practice typically involved formal, ritualized prayers. Hannah's spontaneous, emotional prayer represents a distinct Israelite understanding of direct, personal access to God without mediating rituals.

Reflection Questions

  1. Do you feel permission to bring raw, unfiltered emotions before God in prayer?
  2. How does Hannah's example challenge sanitized, emotionally distant approaches to prayer?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 8 words
וְהִ֖יא1 of 8
H1931

he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo

מָ֣רַת2 of 8

And she was in bitterness

H4751

bitter (literally or figuratively); also (as noun) bitterness, or (adverbially) bitterly

נָ֑פֶשׁ3 of 8

of soul

H5315

properly, a breathing creature, i.e., animal of (abstractly) vitality; used very widely in a literal, accommodated or figurative sense (bodily or ment

וַתִּתְפַּלֵּ֥ל4 of 8

and prayed

H6419

to judge (officially or mentally); by extension, to intercede, pray

עַל5 of 8
H5921

above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

יְהוָ֖ה6 of 8

unto the LORD

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

תִבְכֶּֽה׃7 of 8

and wept

H1058

to weep; generally to bemoan

תִבְכֶּֽה׃8 of 8

and wept

H1058

to weep; generally to bemoan


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Samuel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Samuel 1:10 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 1 Samuel 1:10 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Test Your Knowledge

Continue Your Study