About Numbers

Numbers records Israel's forty years of wandering in the wilderness due to unbelief, yet shows God's faithfulness in preserving the nation.

Author: MosesWritten: c. 1445-1405 BCReading time: ~6 minVerses: 50
FaithfulnessRebellionWanderingGod's PatienceJudgmentPromise

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King James Version

Numbers 16

50 verses with commentary

Korah's Rebellion

Now Korah, the son of Izhar, the son of Kohath, the son of Levi, and Dathan and Abiram, the sons of Eliab, and On, the son of Peleth, sons of Reuben, took men:

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KJV Study Commentary

Korah leads a rebellion against Moses and Aaron's authority, representing one of Israel's most serious covenant violations. The ringleaders—Korah (a Levite), Dathan, Abiram, and On (Reubenites), plus 250 princes—represented significant leadership from multiple tribes, making this rebellion especially dangerous. Korah as a Levite already served in the tabernacle but desired priestly status (verse 1...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

XVI. (1) **Now Korah, the son of Izhar . . . —**Some suppose that the copula before “Dathan and Abiram” should be omitted, and that the verse should be rendered thus: *Now Korah, the son of Izhar, the son of Kohath, the son of Levi, took Dathan and Abiram, *&c. The rebellion of Korah, Dathan, and Abiram is the only important event which is recorded in connection with the protracted wandering in th...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

CHAPTER 12 Nu 12:1-9. Miriam's and Aaron's Sedition. **1. an Ethiopian woman--**Hebrew, "a Cushite woman"--Arabia was usually called in Scripture the land of Cush, its inhabitants being descendants of that son of Ham (see on Ex 2:15) and being accounted generally a vile and contemptible race (see on Am 9:7). The occasion of this seditious outbreak on the part of Miriam and Aaron against Moses was...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 16 Chapter Outline The rebellion of Korah, Dathan, and Abiram Korah contends for the priesthood.(1-11) Disobedience of Dathan and Abiram.(12-15) The glory of the Lord appears, The intercession of Moses and Aaron.(16-22) The earth swallows up Dathan and Abiram.(23-34) The company of Korah consumed.(35-40) The people murmur A plague sent.(41-50) **Verses 1-11** ...
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And they rose up before Moses, with certain of the children of Israel, two hundred and fifty princes of the assembly, famous in the congregation, men of renown:

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And they rose up before Moses, with certain of the children of Israel, two hundred and fifty princes of the assembly, famous in the congregation, men of renown:</strong> This verse introduces Korah's rebellion, one of the most serious challenges to divinely appointed leadership in Israel's history. "They rose up before Moses" uses the Hebrew <em>qum</em> (קוּם), meaning to arise, stand, or...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(2) **And they rose up . . . —***i.e., *in rebellion. **Two hundred and fifty princes . . . —**It has been inferred from Numbers 27:3, where it is stated that Zelophehad, the Manassite, did not take part in the rebellion, that these princes, or chief men of the congregation, belonged to the other tribes of Israel as well as that of Levi. They are called Korah’s company because he was their leader,...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**2. Hath the Lord indeed spoken only by Moses? hath he not also spoken by us?--**The prophetical name and character was bestowed upon Aaron (Ex 4:15, 16) and Miriam (Ex 15:20); and, therefore, they considered the conduct of Moses, in exercising an exclusive authority in this matter, as an encroachment on their rights (Mi 6:4).

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 16 Chapter Outline The rebellion of Korah, Dathan, and Abiram Korah contends for the priesthood.(1-11) Disobedience of Dathan and Abiram.(12-15) The glory of the Lord appears, The intercession of Moses and Aaron.(16-22) The earth swallows up Dathan and Abiram.(23-34) The company of Korah consumed.(35-40) The people murmur A plague sent.(41-50) **Verses 1-11** ...
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And they gathered themselves together against Moses and against Aaron, and said unto them, Ye take too much upon you, seeing all the congregation are holy, every one of them, and the LORD is among them: wherefore then lift ye up yourselves above the congregation of the LORD? Ye take: Heb. It is much for you

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KJV Study Commentary

Korah's public challenge to Moses and Aaron reveals the theological error underlying the rebellion: confusing corporate sanctification with functional offices. Their claim 'all the congregation are holy, every one of them, and the LORD is among them' was technically true—Israel as a nation was set apart to God, and His presence dwelt among them. However, this didn't mean all possessed equal roles ...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(3) **Ye take too much upon you . . . **—Or, *enough for you *(comp. Gen. 14:28), *i.e., *you have held the priesthood and the government long enough; or, *Let it be enough for you to be numbered amongst the holy people without usurping dominion over them. *It is evident from the whole tenour of the address that Korah laid claim to a universal priesthood on behalf of the people, designing probably...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**3. the man Moses was very meek--**(Ex 14:13; 32:12, 13; Nu 14:13; 21:7; De 9:18). This observation might have been made to account for Moses taking no notice of their angry reproaches and for God's interposing so speedily for the vindication of His servant's cause. The circumstance of Moses recording an eulogium on a distinguishing excellence of his own character is not without a parallel among ...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 16 Chapter Outline The rebellion of Korah, Dathan, and Abiram Korah contends for the priesthood.(1-11) Disobedience of Dathan and Abiram.(12-15) The glory of the Lord appears, The intercession of Moses and Aaron.(16-22) The earth swallows up Dathan and Abiram.(23-34) The company of Korah consumed.(35-40) The people murmur A plague sent.(41-50) **Verses 1-11** ...
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And when Moses heard it, he fell upon his face:

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KJV Study Commentary

Moses' response to Korah's rebellion was to fall on his face—a posture expressing both grief and appeal to God. Rather than defending his authority with argument or force, Moses immediately sought divine intervention. This humble response demonstrates that spiritual authority rests on God's appointment, not human assertion or self-defense.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**4. the Lord spake suddenly unto Moses, and unto Aaron, and unto Miriam--**The divine interposition was made thus openly and immediately, in order to suppress the sedition and prevent its spreading among the people.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 16 Chapter Outline The rebellion of Korah, Dathan, and Abiram Korah contends for the priesthood.(1-11) Disobedience of Dathan and Abiram.(12-15) The glory of the Lord appears, The intercession of Moses and Aaron.(16-22) The earth swallows up Dathan and Abiram.(23-34) The company of Korah consumed.(35-40) The people murmur A plague sent.(41-50) **Verses 1-11** ...
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And he spake unto Korah and unto all his company, saying, Even to morrow the LORD will shew who are his, and who is holy; and will cause him to come near unto him: even him whom he hath chosen will he cause to come near unto him.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And he spake unto Korah and unto all his company, saying, Even to morrow the LORD will shew who are his, and who is holy; and will cause him to come near unto him: even him whom he hath chosen will he cause to come near unto him.</strong> This verse stands at the heart of one of Scripture's most sobering rebellions against divinely appointed authority. Moses' response to Korah's challenge ...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(5) **And he spake** **unto Korah and unto all his company.**—The words seem to have been addressed only to Korah and his company, not to Dathan and Abiram, who do not appear to have been present on this occasion. (See Numbers 16:12, where Moses is represented as sending for Dathan and Abiram.) **Even to-morrow.—**Literally, *In the morning. *It may be that On and also the sons of Korah profited b...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**5. the Lord came down in the pillar of the cloud, and stood the door of the tabernacle--**without gaining admission, as was the usual privilege of Aaron, though it was denied to all other men and women. This public exclusion was designed to be a token of the divine displeasure.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 16 Chapter Outline The rebellion of Korah, Dathan, and Abiram Korah contends for the priesthood.(1-11) Disobedience of Dathan and Abiram.(12-15) The glory of the Lord appears, The intercession of Moses and Aaron.(16-22) The earth swallows up Dathan and Abiram.(23-34) The company of Korah consumed.(35-40) The people murmur A plague sent.(41-50) **Verses 1-11** ...
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This do; Take you censers, Korah, and all his company;

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KJV Study Commentary

Moses told Korah and his followers to prepare censers for the next day—essentially accepting their challenge but shifting judgment to God. This test would reveal whom God had chosen. Moses' confidence came not from political maneuvering but from certainty about God's will. When authority rests on divine appointment rather than human achievement, God Himself will vindicate it.

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(6) **Take you censers.**—The offering of incense was the peculiar prerogative and the holiest function of the priesthood. The destruction of Nadab and Abihu ought to have served as a warning to Korah and his company not to provoke a similar exhibition of the Divine displeasure.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**6-7. Hear now my words--**A difference of degree is here distinctly expressed in the gifts and authority even of divinely commissioned prophets. Moses, having been set over all God's house, (that is, His church and people), was consequently invested with supremacy over Miriam and Aaron also and privileged beyond all others by direct and clear manifestations of the presence and will of God.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 16 Chapter Outline The rebellion of Korah, Dathan, and Abiram Korah contends for the priesthood.(1-11) Disobedience of Dathan and Abiram.(12-15) The glory of the Lord appears, The intercession of Moses and Aaron.(16-22) The earth swallows up Dathan and Abiram.(23-34) The company of Korah consumed.(35-40) The people murmur A plague sent.(41-50) **Verses 1-11** ...
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And put fire therein, and put incense in them before the LORD to morrow: and it shall be that the man whom the LORD doth choose, he shall be holy: ye take too much upon you, ye sons of Levi.

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KJV Study Commentary

Moses tells Korah's company: 'put fire therein, and put incense... and it shall be that the man whom the LORD doth choose, he shall be holy.' Moses proposes testing through offering incense - a priestly prerogative (Ex 30:7-8). The challenge: let God choose. The Hebrew 'bachar' (choose) emphasizes divine election, not human ambition. God's choice was demonstrated - divine fire consumed unauthorize...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(7) **Ye take too much upon you . . . —**Moses here adopts the language of Korah in Numbers 16:3. The meaning appears to be, as more fully explained in Numbers 16:9-10, that it ought to have sufficed Korah and the other Levites that they had been chosen from amongst their brethren to discharge the inferior offices of the sanctuary.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**6-7. Hear now my words--**A difference of degree is here distinctly expressed in the gifts and authority even of divinely commissioned prophets. Moses, having been set over all God's house, (that is, His church and people), was consequently invested with supremacy over Miriam and Aaron also and privileged beyond all others by direct and clear manifestations of the presence and will of God.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 16 Chapter Outline The rebellion of Korah, Dathan, and Abiram Korah contends for the priesthood.(1-11) Disobedience of Dathan and Abiram.(12-15) The glory of the Lord appears, The intercession of Moses and Aaron.(16-22) The earth swallows up Dathan and Abiram.(23-34) The company of Korah consumed.(35-40) The people murmur A plague sent.(41-50) **Verses 1-11** ...
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And Moses said unto Korah, Hear, I pray you, ye sons of Levi:

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KJV Study Commentary

Moses addressed the Levites in Korah's company: 'Seemeth it but a small thing unto you' that God chose you for special service? Their discontent with their God-given role revealed covetousness for honor not appointed them. Rejecting assigned blessing while grasping for unauthorized position is the essence of rebellion against God's sovereignty.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**8. with him will I speak mouth to mouth--**immediately, not by an interpreter, nor by visionary symbols presented to his fancy. **apparently--**plainly and surely. **not in dark speeches--**parables or similitudes. **the similitude of the Lord shall he behold--**not the face or essence of God, who is invisible (Ex 33:20; Col 1:15; Joh 1:18); but some unmistakable evidence of His glorious p...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 16 Chapter Outline The rebellion of Korah, Dathan, and Abiram Korah contends for the priesthood.(1-11) Disobedience of Dathan and Abiram.(12-15) The glory of the Lord appears, The intercession of Moses and Aaron.(16-22) The earth swallows up Dathan and Abiram.(23-34) The company of Korah consumed.(35-40) The people murmur A plague sent.(41-50) **Verses 1-11** ...
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Seemeth it but a small thing unto you, that the God of Israel hath separated you from the congregation of Israel, to bring you near to himself to do the service of the tabernacle of the LORD, and to stand before the congregation to minister unto them?

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KJV Study Commentary

Moses' rhetorical question highlighted the privilege already granted: separated from the congregation to draw near to God, serve in the tabernacle, minister to the people. This inventory of blessings exposed the ingratitude underlying their complaint. Rebellion often begins not with lack of blessing but with unthankfulness for blessings received.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 16 Chapter Outline The rebellion of Korah, Dathan, and Abiram Korah contends for the priesthood.(1-11) Disobedience of Dathan and Abiram.(12-15) The glory of the Lord appears, The intercession of Moses and Aaron.(16-22) The earth swallows up Dathan and Abiram.(23-34) The company of Korah consumed.(35-40) The people murmur A plague sent.(41-50) **Verses 1-11** ...
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And he hath brought thee near to him, and all thy brethren the sons of Levi with thee: and seek ye the priesthood also?

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KJV Study Commentary

God brought them near 'and all thy brethren the sons of Levi with thee'—the rebellion wasn't merely Korah's personal ambition but had spread to other Levites. Discontent is contagious; one person's covetousness can infect a community. Leaders bear responsibility not just for their own attitudes but for those they influence toward either contentment or rebellion.

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(10) **And seek ye the priesthood also?**—The Targums of Onkelos and Jonathan understand the reference to be to the high priesthood. As the other Levites who belonged to Korah’s company sought the priesthood, so Korah may have aimed at the high priesthood.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

Nu 12:10-16. Miriam's Leprosy. **10. the cloud departed from the tabernacle--**that is, from the door to resume its permanent position over the mercy seat. **Miriam became leprous--**This malady in its most malignant form (Ex 4:6; 2Ki 5:27) as its color, combined with its sudden appearance, proved, was inflicted as a divine judgment; and she was made the victim, either because of her extreme vi...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 16 Chapter Outline The rebellion of Korah, Dathan, and Abiram Korah contends for the priesthood.(1-11) Disobedience of Dathan and Abiram.(12-15) The glory of the Lord appears, The intercession of Moses and Aaron.(16-22) The earth swallows up Dathan and Abiram.(23-34) The company of Korah consumed.(35-40) The people murmur A plague sent.(41-50) **Verses 1-11** ...
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For which cause both thou and all thy company are gathered together against the LORD: and what is Aaron, that ye murmur against him?

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KJV Study Commentary

Moses declares the true target of their rebellion: 'ye gather against the LORD.' What appeared as challenge to human leadership was actually revolt against divine authority. This penetrating insight reveals that all rebellion against God-ordained authority ultimately opposes God Himself. Aaron was merely the visible representative of God's choice.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

11-13. On the humble and penitential submission of Aaron, Moses interceded for both the offenders, especially for Miriam, who was restored; not, however, till she had been made, by her exclusion, a public example [Nu 12:14, 15].

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 16 Chapter Outline The rebellion of Korah, Dathan, and Abiram Korah contends for the priesthood.(1-11) Disobedience of Dathan and Abiram.(12-15) The glory of the Lord appears, The intercession of Moses and Aaron.(16-22) The earth swallows up Dathan and Abiram.(23-34) The company of Korah consumed.(35-40) The people murmur A plague sent.(41-50) **Verses 1-11** ...
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And Moses sent to call Dathan and Abiram, the sons of Eliab: which said, We will not come up:

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KJV Study Commentary

Dathan and Abiram, from Reuben's tribe, refused Moses' summons with contempt. Their defiance escalated beyond Korah's religious challenge to complete rejection of Moses' authority. The phrase 'we will not come up' expressed not merely refusal but arrogant dismissal. Pride and rebellion feed on themselves, growing bolder when unchecked.

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(12) **And Moses sent to call Dathan and Abiram . . . —**If, as seems probable from Numbers 16:3, Dathan and Abiram had joined Korah and his company in the address to Moses which is contained in Numbers 16:3, they must have subsequently withdrawn themselves and retired to their own tents, from which they refused to go up at the bidding of Moses.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

11-13. On the humble and penitential submission of Aaron, Moses interceded for both the offenders, especially for Miriam, who was restored; not, however, till she had been made, by her exclusion, a public example [Nu 12:14, 15].

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 12-15** Moses summoned Dathan and Abiram to bring their complaints; but they would not obey. They bring very false charges against Moses. Those often fall under the heaviest censures, who in truth deserve the highest praise. Moses, though the meekest man, yet, finding God reproached in him, was very wroth; he could not bear to see the people ruining themselves. He appeals to God as to...
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Is it a small thing that thou hast brought us up out of a land that floweth with milk and honey, to kill us in the wilderness, except thou make thyself altogether a prince over us?

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KJV Study Commentary

Dathan and Abiram challenge Moses: 'Is it a small thing that thou hast brought us up out of a land that floweth with milk and honey, to kill us in the wilderness, except thou make thyself altogether a prince over us?' Their accusation inverts reality - calling Egypt (slavery) a land flowing with milk and honey while denying Canaan that description. The Hebrew 'me'at' (small/little thing) sarcastic...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(13) **A land that floweth with milk and honey.**—The description of the land of promise is here applied perversely and ironically to the land of Egypt.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

11-13. On the humble and penitential submission of Aaron, Moses interceded for both the offenders, especially for Miriam, who was restored; not, however, till she had been made, by her exclusion, a public example [Nu 12:14, 15].

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 12-15** Moses summoned Dathan and Abiram to bring their complaints; but they would not obey. They bring very false charges against Moses. Those often fall under the heaviest censures, who in truth deserve the highest praise. Moses, though the meekest man, yet, finding God reproached in him, was very wroth; he could not bear to see the people ruining themselves. He appeals to God as to...
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Moreover thou hast not brought us into a land that floweth with milk and honey, or given us inheritance of fields and vineyards: wilt thou put out the eyes of these men? we will not come up. put: Heb. bore out

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KJV Study Commentary

Dathan and Abiram mockingly asked if Moses would 'put out the eyes of these men'—accusing him of blinding deception. This inverts reality: their rebellion demonstrated spiritual blindness while Moses consistently revealed God's will. Rebels often accuse others of the very faults they themselves possess, projecting their own deception onto faithful leaders.

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(14) **Moreover thou hast** **not brought us . . . —**The words which the Lord had spoken to Moses (Exodus 3:8) concerning the deliverance from Egypt, and the bringing of the people into a land flowing with milk and honey, had been communicated by Aaron to the people (Exodus 4:30). Dathan and Abiram reproach Moses, as though he was responsible for their protracted sojourn in the wilderness. **Wilt...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**14. her father had but spit in her face, should she not be ashamed seven days?--**The Jews, in common with all people in the East, seem to have had an intense abhorrence of spitting, and for a parent to express his displeasure by doing so on the person of one of his children, or even on the ground in his presence, separated that child as unclean from society for seven days.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 12-15** Moses summoned Dathan and Abiram to bring their complaints; but they would not obey. They bring very false charges against Moses. Those often fall under the heaviest censures, who in truth deserve the highest praise. Moses, though the meekest man, yet, finding God reproached in him, was very wroth; he could not bear to see the people ruining themselves. He appeals to God as to...
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And Moses was very wroth, and said unto the LORD, Respect not thou their offering: I have not taken one ass from them, neither have I hurt one of them.

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KJV Study Commentary

Moses, deeply provoked, asked God not to respect the rebels' offering. His vehemence came not from wounded pride but from recognition that their rebellion offended God. The appeal to his own integrity—'I have not taken one ass from them, neither have I hurt one of them'—established that his leadership had been selfless, not exploitative.

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(15) **I have not taken one ass from them . . . —**In answer to the accusation preferred against him in Numbers 16:13, Moses vindicates himself from the charge of oppression or extortion.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**15. the people journeyed not till Miriam was brought in again--**Either not to crush her by a sentence of overwhelming severity or not to expose her, being a prophetess, to popular contempt.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 12-15** Moses summoned Dathan and Abiram to bring their complaints; but they would not obey. They bring very false charges against Moses. Those often fall under the heaviest censures, who in truth deserve the highest praise. Moses, though the meekest man, yet, finding God reproached in him, was very wroth; he could not bear to see the people ruining themselves. He appeals to God as to...
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And Moses said unto Korah, Be thou and all thy company before the LORD, thou, and they, and Aaron, to morrow:

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Moses said unto Korah, Be thou and all thy company before the LORD</strong>—Moses transforms Korah's challenge into a divinely adjudicated trial. The phrase <em>lifnei YHWH</em> (לִפְנֵי יְהוָה) means 'before the LORD,' positioning this as a theocratic lawsuit where God Himself will vindicate His chosen priesthood. By including <strong>Aaron</strong> explicitly, Moses frames the issue clea...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**16. pitched in the wilderness of Paran--**The station of encampments seems to have been Rithma (Nu 33:19).

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 16-22** The same glory of the Lord that appeared to place Aaron in his office at first, Le 9:23, now appeared to confirm him in it; and to confound those who set up against him. Nothing is more terrible to those who are conscious of guilt, than the appearance of the Divine glory. See how dangerous it is to have fellowship with sinners, and to partake with them. Though the people had t...
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And take every man his censer, and put incense in them, and bring ye before the LORD every man his censer, two hundred and fifty censers; thou also, and Aaron, each of you his censer.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Take every man his censer, and put incense in them</strong>—The <em>maḥtah</em> (מַחְתָּה, censer/fire pan) was a priestly implement used for burning incense before God. Moses's challenge is brilliant: if Korah's company truly believes 'all the congregation are holy' (v. 3), let them perform the priests' most sacred duty—offering incense at the tabernacle. <strong>Two hundred and fifty cen...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(17) **Take every man his censer.—**These censers may have been household vessels resembling censers, and available for the same purpose; or they may have been vessels which were used by the heads of houses, as priests, before the order of priesthood was restricted to the family of Aaron; or they may have been made by Korah and his company for their own use.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 16-22** The same glory of the Lord that appeared to place Aaron in his office at first, Le 9:23, now appeared to confirm him in it; and to confound those who set up against him. Nothing is more terrible to those who are conscious of guilt, than the appearance of the Divine glory. See how dangerous it is to have fellowship with sinners, and to partake with them. Though the people had t...
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And they took every man his censer, and put fire in them, and laid incense thereon, and stood in the door of the tabernacle of the congregation with Moses and Aaron.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>They took every man his censer, and put fire in them, and laid incense thereon</strong>—Korah's followers proceed with the forbidden liturgy, brazenly standing <strong>in the door of the tabernacle</strong> (<em>petaḥ 'ohel mo'ed</em>, פֶּתַח אֹהֶל מוֹעֵד) with Moses and Aaron. This wasn't private worship but public confrontation at God's dwelling place. By igniting their censers, they com...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

CHAPTER 13 Nu 13:1-33. The Names of the Men Who Were Sent to Search the Land. **1-2. The Lord spake unto Moses, Send thou men, that they may search the land, of Canaan--**Compare De 1:22, whence it appears, that while the proposal of delegating confidential men from each tribe to explore the land of Canaan emanated from the people who petitioned for it, the measure received the special sanction o...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 16-22** The same glory of the Lord that appeared to place Aaron in his office at first, Le 9:23, now appeared to confirm him in it; and to confound those who set up against him. Nothing is more terrible to those who are conscious of guilt, than the appearance of the Divine glory. See how dangerous it is to have fellowship with sinners, and to partake with them. Though the people had t...
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And Korah gathered all the congregation against them unto the door of the tabernacle of the congregation: and the glory of the LORD appeared unto all the congregation.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Korah gathered all the congregation against them</strong>—Korah's rebellion becomes a popular movement; he's mobilized the entire <em>edah</em> (עֵדָה, congregation/assembly) against Moses and Aaron. This reveals his political genius: framing the issue as 'liberation' from 'autocratic' leadership. Yet when they gather <strong>unto the door of the tabernacle</strong>, they force a divine ve...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(19) **All the congregation.—**It is evident from these words that there was a general disposition on the part of the people to favour the insurrection of Korah against Moses and Aaron.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

CHAPTER 13 Nu 13:1-33. The Names of the Men Who Were Sent to Search the Land. **1-2. The Lord spake unto Moses, Send thou men, that they may search the land, of Canaan--**Compare De 1:22, whence it appears, that while the proposal of delegating confidential men from each tribe to explore the land of Canaan emanated from the people who petitioned for it, the measure received the special sanction o...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 16-22** The same glory of the Lord that appeared to place Aaron in his office at first, Le 9:23, now appeared to confirm him in it; and to confound those who set up against him. Nothing is more terrible to those who are conscious of guilt, than the appearance of the Divine glory. See how dangerous it is to have fellowship with sinners, and to partake with them. Though the people had t...
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And the LORD spake unto Moses and unto Aaron, saying,

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And the LORD spake unto Moses and unto Aaron, saying</strong>—This terse introduction precedes God's shocking command in v. 21. The divine speech is directed to <em>both</em> Moses and Aaron, affirming their joint leadership despite the rebellion specifically targeting their roles (Moses as political leader, Aaron as high priest). The verb <em>dabar</em> (דָּבַר, spoke) indicates direct, a...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**3. those men were heads of the children of Israel--**Not the princes who are named (Nu 10:14-16, 18-20, 22-27), but chiefs, leading men though not of the first rank.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 16-22** The same glory of the Lord that appeared to place Aaron in his office at first, Le 9:23, now appeared to confirm him in it; and to confound those who set up against him. Nothing is more terrible to those who are conscious of guilt, than the appearance of the Divine glory. See how dangerous it is to have fellowship with sinners, and to partake with them. Though the people had t...
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Separate yourselves from among this congregation, that I may consume them in a moment.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Separate yourselves from among this congregation, that I may consume them in a moment</strong>—God commands Moses and Aaron to <em>hibadlu</em> (הִבָּדְלוּ, separate/distinguish yourselves), the same root used for sacred separation (Leviticus 20:26). The phrase <em>va'akhaleh otam ke'rega</em> (וַאֲכַלֶּה אֹתָם כְּרָגַע, 'I may consume them in a moment') reveals that the entire congregatio...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(21) **Separate yourselves from among this congregation . . . —**By their obedience to the summons of Korah the congregation generally, or at Yeast a large portion of it, had made themselves partakers in his sin, and had become obnoxious to the Divine wrath.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 16-22** The same glory of the Lord that appeared to place Aaron in his office at first, Le 9:23, now appeared to confirm him in it; and to confound those who set up against him. Nothing is more terrible to those who are conscious of guilt, than the appearance of the Divine glory. See how dangerous it is to have fellowship with sinners, and to partake with them. Though the people had t...
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And they fell upon their faces, and said, O God, the God of the spirits of all flesh, shall one man sin, and wilt thou be wroth with all the congregation?

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KJV Study Commentary

Moses and Aaron pray: 'O God, the God of the spirits of all flesh, shall one man sin, and wilt thou be wroth with all the congregation?' This title emphasizes God's sovereignty over all human life - He gives spirit/breath to every person (Gen 2:7, Job 12:10, Zech 12:1). The prayer appeals to God's justice, arguing that corporate punishment for individual sin violates His character. God's response ...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 16-22** The same glory of the Lord that appeared to place Aaron in his office at first, Le 9:23, now appeared to confirm him in it; and to confound those who set up against him. Nothing is more terrible to those who are conscious of guilt, than the appearance of the Divine glory. See how dangerous it is to have fellowship with sinners, and to partake with them. Though the people had t...
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The Earth Swallows the Rebels

And the LORD spake unto Moses, saying,

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And the LORD spake unto Moses, saying</strong>—After Moses and Aaron intercede (v. 22), God speaks again, now with refined judgment. This second divine speech (following v. 20) shows God's responsiveness to intercession: He will not destroy <em>all</em> Israel, but will precisely target the rebels. The repetition of <em>dabar</em> (דָּבַר, spoke) emphasizes prophetic authority—this isn't M...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 23-34** The seventy elders of Israel attend Moses. It is our duty to do what we can to countenance and support lawful authority when it is opposed. And those who would not perish with sinners, must come out from among them, and be separate. It was in answer to the prayer of Moses, that God stirred up the hearts of the congregation to remove for their own safety. Grace to separate from...
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Speak unto the congregation, saying, Get you up from about the tabernacle of Korah, Dathan, and Abiram.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Speak unto the congregation, saying, Get you up from about the tabernacle of Korah, Dathan, and Abiram</strong>—God's mercy provides escape: <em>he'alu</em> (הֵעָלוּ, 'get you up') commands physical separation from the rebels' tents. The phrase <em>mi'saviv</em> (מִסָּבִיב, 'from about/around') indicates that many Israelites were camped near or associating with the three rebel leaders—guil...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(24) **Get you up from about the tabernacle of Korah, Dathan, and Abiram—**It is not easy to determine what is the meaning of the word *mishkan *(tabernacle) in this and in the 27th verse. The word, in the singular number, commonly denotes the tabernacle of the congregation—*i.e., *the boarded erection which was covered by the *ohel, *or tent. The word means simply a “dwelling-place,” and it may d...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 23-34** The seventy elders of Israel attend Moses. It is our duty to do what we can to countenance and support lawful authority when it is opposed. And those who would not perish with sinners, must come out from among them, and be separate. It was in answer to the prayer of Moses, that God stirred up the hearts of the congregation to remove for their own safety. Grace to separate from...
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And Moses rose up and went unto Dathan and Abiram; and the elders of Israel followed him.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And Moses rose up and went unto Dathan and Abiram</strong>—Moses takes initiative, personally confronting the Reubenite rebels despite their earlier disrespect (v. 12-14: 'we will not come up'). His willingness to go to <em>them</em> shows pastoral courage—he doesn't wait for them to repent but seeks them out. The verb <em>qum</em> (קוּם, rose up) often signals decisive action; <strong>and...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 23-34** The seventy elders of Israel attend Moses. It is our duty to do what we can to countenance and support lawful authority when it is opposed. And those who would not perish with sinners, must come out from among them, and be separate. It was in answer to the prayer of Moses, that God stirred up the hearts of the congregation to remove for their own safety. Grace to separate from...
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And he spake unto the congregation, saying, Depart, I pray you, from the tents of these wicked men, and touch nothing of theirs, lest ye be consumed in all their sins.

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KJV Study Commentary

Depart, I pray you, from the tents of these wicked men, and touch nothing of theirs, lest ye be consumed in all their sins. Moses warns Israel to separate from Korah's company before judgment falls. The imperative 'Depart' commands immediate action. The description 'these wicked men' identifies their rebellion as evil. The warning 'lest ye be consumed in all their sins' shows that association with...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 23-34** The seventy elders of Israel attend Moses. It is our duty to do what we can to countenance and support lawful authority when it is opposed. And those who would not perish with sinners, must come out from among them, and be separate. It was in answer to the prayer of Moses, that God stirred up the hearts of the congregation to remove for their own safety. Grace to separate from...
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So they gat up from the tabernacle of Korah, Dathan, and Abiram, on every side: and Dathan and Abiram came out, and stood in the door of their tents, and their wives, and their sons, and their little children.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>So they gat up from the tabernacle of Korah, Dathan, and Abiram, on every side</strong>—The faithful obey God's warning (v. 24), creating physical separation: <em>mi'saviv</em> (מִסָּבִיב, 'on every side') shows complete withdrawal. In contrast, <strong>Dathan and Abiram came out, and stood in the door of their tents</strong>—they position themselves defiantly at their tent entrances with ...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(27) **And Dathan and Abiram came out . . . —**No mention is made of the position of Korah at this time, neither is any mention made of his sons, who, as we learn from Numbers 26:11, “died not” when the company of Korah died. His descendants are mentioned in 1Chronicles 6:22-38, and mention is made of “the sons of Korah” in the titles of eleven of the Psalms. Samuel the prophet and Heman the singe...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 23-34** The seventy elders of Israel attend Moses. It is our duty to do what we can to countenance and support lawful authority when it is opposed. And those who would not perish with sinners, must come out from among them, and be separate. It was in answer to the prayer of Moses, that God stirred up the hearts of the congregation to remove for their own safety. Grace to separate from...
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And Moses said, Hereby ye shall know that the LORD hath sent me to do all these works; for I have not done them of mine own mind.

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KJV Study Commentary

Moses declares 'Hereby ye shall know that the LORD hath sent me to do all these works; for I have not done them of mine own mind.' He stakes his credibility on divine calling, not personal ambition. The phrase 'of mine own mind' (Hebrew 'millibi', from my heart) emphasizes that Moses' leadership flows from God's commission, not self-promotion. True spiritual authority is given, not taken.

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(28) **To do all these works.—**i.e., to bring the people out of the land of Egypt, to exchange the first-born for the Levites, to consecrate Aaron and his sons to the priesthood, and generally to declare the will of the Lord to the people.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 23-34** The seventy elders of Israel attend Moses. It is our duty to do what we can to countenance and support lawful authority when it is opposed. And those who would not perish with sinners, must come out from among them, and be separate. It was in answer to the prayer of Moses, that God stirred up the hearts of the congregation to remove for their own safety. Grace to separate from...
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If these men die the common death of all men, or if they be visited after the visitation of all men; then the LORD hath not sent me. the common: Heb. as every man dieth

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KJV Study Commentary

Moses proposes a test: if the rebels 'die the common death of all men,' then God didn't send him. But 'if the LORD make a new thing' and earth swallows them alive, Israel will know 'these men have provoked the LORD.' The Hebrew 'beriah' (make new) indicates unprecedented creative miracle. Moses confidently invites divine vindication, certain of his calling.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 23-34** The seventy elders of Israel attend Moses. It is our duty to do what we can to countenance and support lawful authority when it is opposed. And those who would not perish with sinners, must come out from among them, and be separate. It was in answer to the prayer of Moses, that God stirred up the hearts of the congregation to remove for their own safety. Grace to separate from...
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But if the LORD make a new thing, and the earth open her mouth, and swallow them up, with all that appertain unto them, and they go down quick into the pit; then ye shall understand that these men have provoked the LORD. make: Heb. create a creature

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KJV Study Commentary

Immediately 'the ground clave asunder that was under them'—instant, dramatic fulfillment of Moses' prophecy. The timing's precision proved divine origin; the method's uniqueness ('new thing') eliminated doubt. God's swift response vindicated Moses and warned against presumptuous rebellion against His appointed servants.

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(30) **Make a new thing.—**Literally, *create a creation*—*i.e., *do something hitherto unknown. **Into the pit.—**Literally, *into Sheol.*

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 23-34** The seventy elders of Israel attend Moses. It is our duty to do what we can to countenance and support lawful authority when it is opposed. And those who would not perish with sinners, must come out from among them, and be separate. It was in answer to the prayer of Moses, that God stirred up the hearts of the congregation to remove for their own safety. Grace to separate from...
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And it came to pass, as he had made an end of speaking all these words, that the ground clave asunder that was under them:

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Divine Judgment Manifested:</strong> This verse marks the climactic moment of God's judgment upon Korah's rebellion. The Hebrew phrase <em>תִּבָּקַע הָאֲדָמָה</em> (tibaqa ha-adamah, "the ground split") emphasizes the supernatural nature of this event—this was no ordinary earthquake but a direct divine intervention. <strong>Immediate Causation:</strong> The text notes this occurred "as he ...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 23-34** The seventy elders of Israel attend Moses. It is our duty to do what we can to countenance and support lawful authority when it is opposed. And those who would not perish with sinners, must come out from among them, and be separate. It was in answer to the prayer of Moses, that God stirred up the hearts of the congregation to remove for their own safety. Grace to separate from...
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And the earth opened her mouth, and swallowed them up, and their houses, and all the men that appertained unto Korah, and all their goods.

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KJV Study Commentary

They 'went down alive into the pit, and the earth closed upon them: and they perished from among the congregation.' The emphasis on 'alive' (Hebrew 'chai') indicates conscious descent into Sheol, amplifying terror. Complete removal ('they perished from among the congregation') left no physical trace, only warning to future generations.

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(32) **And the earth opened her mouth . . . —**Had this verse stood alone it might have been inferred that Korah and his family shared the fate of Dathan and Abiram and their families and households. in regard *to *the sons of Korah, however, there is direct evidence that they did not share in the punishment of Dathan and Abiram (see Note on Numbers 16:27): and in regard to Korah there is ground f...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 23-34** The seventy elders of Israel attend Moses. It is our duty to do what we can to countenance and support lawful authority when it is opposed. And those who would not perish with sinners, must come out from among them, and be separate. It was in answer to the prayer of Moses, that God stirred up the hearts of the congregation to remove for their own safety. Grace to separate from...
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They, and all that appertained to them, went down alive into the pit, and the earth closed upon them: and they perished from among the congregation.

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KJV Study Commentary

All Israel 'fled at the cry of them: for they said, Lest the earth swallow us up also.' The fleeing crowd feared corporate judgment, recognizing their own vulnerability to God's wrath. Yet this terror-induced reverence proved temporary, as they rebelled again the next day (v.41), showing fear-based obedience produces no lasting transformation.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**16. Oshea--**that is, "a desire of salvation." Jehoshua, by prefixing the name of God, means "divinely appointed," "head of salvation," "Saviour," the same as Jesus [Mt 1:21, Margin].

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 23-34** The seventy elders of Israel attend Moses. It is our duty to do what we can to countenance and support lawful authority when it is opposed. And those who would not perish with sinners, must come out from among them, and be separate. It was in answer to the prayer of Moses, that God stirred up the hearts of the congregation to remove for their own safety. Grace to separate from...
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And all Israel that were round about them fled at the cry of them: for they said, Lest the earth swallow us up also.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>All Israel that were round about them fled at the cry of them</strong>—the Hebrew <em>nuwc</em> (נוּס) means to flee in terror. The ground opening beneath Korah's household produced a <em>za'aqah</em> (צְעָקָה), a cry of distress so horrific that witnesses feared immediate divine judgment upon themselves. Their words <strong>"lest the earth swallow us up also"</strong> reveal both the terr...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**17. Get you up this way ... , and go up into the mountain--**Mount Seir (De 1:2), which lay directly from Sinai across the wilderness of Paran, in a northeasterly direction into the southern parts of the promised land.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 23-34** The seventy elders of Israel attend Moses. It is our duty to do what we can to countenance and support lawful authority when it is opposed. And those who would not perish with sinners, must come out from among them, and be separate. It was in answer to the prayer of Moses, that God stirred up the hearts of the congregation to remove for their own safety. Grace to separate from...
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And there came out a fire from the LORD, and consumed the two hundred and fifty men that offered incense.

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KJV Study Commentary

Simultaneous with earth swallowing rebels, 'there came out a fire from the LORD, and consumed the two hundred and fifty men that offered incense.' This dual judgment—earth and fire—demonstrated God's comprehensive authority over creation. That fire specifically targeted those presuming priestly ministry showed God's jealousy for proper worship and His ordained priesthood.

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(35) **And there came out a fire from the Lord . . . —**It was thus, as Bishop Wordsworth has observed, that “Korah and his company were punished by the same element as that by which they had sinned.”

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 35-40** A fire went out from the Lord, and consumed the two hundred and fifty men that offered incense, while Aaron, who stood with them, was preserved alive. God is jealous of the honour of his own institutions, and will not have them invaded. The sacrifice of the wicked is an abomination to the Lord. The censers are devoted, and, as all devoted things, must be made serviceable to th...
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And the LORD spake unto Moses, saying,

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>The LORD spake unto Moses</strong>—the covenant formula <em>Yahweh</em> <em>dabar</em> (יְהוָה דִּבֶּר) appears immediately after catastrophic judgment, demonstrating that divine discipline never has the final word. God continues to speak, continues to reveal His will, continues to instruct His people even in the aftermath of judgment. This pattern—judgment followed by instruction—appears ...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 35-40** A fire went out from the Lord, and consumed the two hundred and fifty men that offered incense, while Aaron, who stood with them, was preserved alive. God is jealous of the honour of his own institutions, and will not have them invaded. The sacrifice of the wicked is an abomination to the Lord. The censers are devoted, and, as all devoted things, must be made serviceable to th...
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Speak unto Eleazar the son of Aaron the priest, that he take up the censers out of the burning, and scatter thou the fire yonder; for they are hallowed.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Speak unto Eleazar the son of Aaron the priest</strong>—significantly, God commands not Aaron himself but his son to retrieve the censers. Eleazar's involvement foreshadows his succession to the high priesthood (20:28) and demonstrates that priesthood continues through generations. The phrase <strong>"take up the censers out of the burning"</strong> required approaching still-smoldering re...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(37) **Speak unto Eleazar the son of Aaron . . . —**Aaron was shortly to be employed in an act of sacerdotal ministration and intercession, for which he would have become disqualified had he been ceremonially defiled by contact with things pertaining to the dead.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**20. Now the time was the time of the first grapes--**This was in August, when the first clusters are gathered. The second are gathered in September, and the third in October. The spies' absence for a period of forty days determines the grapes they brought from Eshcol to have been of the second period.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 35-40** A fire went out from the Lord, and consumed the two hundred and fifty men that offered incense, while Aaron, who stood with them, was preserved alive. God is jealous of the honour of his own institutions, and will not have them invaded. The sacrifice of the wicked is an abomination to the Lord. The censers are devoted, and, as all devoted things, must be made serviceable to th...
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The censers of these sinners against their own souls, let them make them broad plates for a covering of the altar: for they offered them before the LORD, therefore they are hallowed: and they shall be a sign unto the children of Israel.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>"The censers of these sinners against their own souls"</strong>—the Hebrew <em>nephesh</em> (נֶפֶשׁ, soul/life) indicates they sinned to their own destruction. Their rebellion wasn't merely against Moses but self-destructive defiance of God's order. The phrase <strong>"let them make them broad plates for a covering of the altar"</strong> transforms instruments of presumptuous worship into ...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(38) **These sinners against their own souls.—**i.e., men who have forfeited their lives by their sin. **Let them make them broad plates . . . —**It was thus that the sacrilegious act of Korah and his company was made the occasion of a permanent warning against all similar profanation of holy things. The altar of burnt-offering had already a covering of brass; but, as the altar was made of wood, a...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**21-24. So they ... searched the land--**They advanced from south to north, reconnoitering the whole land. **the wilderness of Zin--**a long level plain, or deep valley of sand, the monotony of which is relieved by a few tamarisk and rethem trees. Under the names of El Ghor and El Araba, it forms the continuation of the Jordan valley, extending from the Dead Sea to the Gulf of Akaba. **Rehob-...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 35-40** A fire went out from the Lord, and consumed the two hundred and fifty men that offered incense, while Aaron, who stood with them, was preserved alive. God is jealous of the honour of his own institutions, and will not have them invaded. The sacrifice of the wicked is an abomination to the Lord. The censers are devoted, and, as all devoted things, must be made serviceable to th...
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And Eleazar the priest took the brasen censers, wherewith they that were burnt had offered; and they were made broad plates for a covering of the altar:

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>"Eleazar the priest took the brasen censers"</strong>—the verb <em>laqach</em> (לָקַח, to take) emphasizes deliberate action. Eleazar physically gathered these instruments of judgment, showing priestly responsibility extends to handling the aftermath of divine discipline. <strong>"Wherewith they that were burnt had offered"</strong> indicates the censers survived the fire that consumed the...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(39) **Wherewith they that were burnt had offered.**—Or, *which they who were burnt had brought nigh *(*i.e. *unto the Lord).

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**21-24. So they ... searched the land--**They advanced from south to north, reconnoitering the whole land. **the wilderness of Zin--**a long level plain, or deep valley of sand, the monotony of which is relieved by a few tamarisk and rethem trees. Under the names of El Ghor and El Araba, it forms the continuation of the Jordan valley, extending from the Dead Sea to the Gulf of Akaba. **Rehob-...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 35-40** A fire went out from the Lord, and consumed the two hundred and fifty men that offered incense, while Aaron, who stood with them, was preserved alive. God is jealous of the honour of his own institutions, and will not have them invaded. The sacrifice of the wicked is an abomination to the Lord. The censers are devoted, and, as all devoted things, must be made serviceable to th...
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To be a memorial unto the children of Israel, that no stranger , which is not of the seed of Aaron, come near to offer incense before the LORD; that he be not as Korah, and as his company: as the LORD said to him by the hand of Moses.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>"To be a memorial unto the children of Israel"</strong>—<em>zikaron</em> (זִכָּרוֹן) means a reminder, memorial, or monument designed to prevent forgetting. The specific warning: <strong>"that no stranger, which is not of the seed of Aaron, come near to offer incense before the LORD"</strong>—defines "stranger" (<em>zar</em>, זָר) as anyone outside Aaron's lineage. This exclusivity offends...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(40) **To be a memorial unto the children of Israel.**—The Apostle Jude warns Christians by the same example against the profanation of Divine ordinances (Numbers 16:11).

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**21-24. So they ... searched the land--**They advanced from south to north, reconnoitering the whole land. **the wilderness of Zin--**a long level plain, or deep valley of sand, the monotony of which is relieved by a few tamarisk and rethem trees. Under the names of El Ghor and El Araba, it forms the continuation of the Jordan valley, extending from the Dead Sea to the Gulf of Akaba. **Rehob-...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 35-40** A fire went out from the Lord, and consumed the two hundred and fifty men that offered incense, while Aaron, who stood with them, was preserved alive. God is jealous of the honour of his own institutions, and will not have them invaded. The sacrifice of the wicked is an abomination to the Lord. The censers are devoted, and, as all devoted things, must be made serviceable to th...
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The People Grumble and a Plague Strikes

But on the morrow all the congregation of the children of Israel murmured against Moses and against Aaron, saying, Ye have killed the people of the LORD.

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KJV Study Commentary

Incredibly, the very next day 'all the congregation of the children of Israel murmured against Moses and against Aaron, saying, Ye have killed the people of the LORD.' They blamed Moses for God's judgment, calling the rebels 'the people of the LORD.' This reveals hardened hearts that witnessing miracles cannot soften—they saw earth swallow rebels yet still blamed human leaders.

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(41) **But on the morrow . . . —**It is difficult to conceive of a more striking illustration of the depravity of the human heart than is afforded by this outbreak of the same spirit of rebellion which had been so signally punished on the preceding day.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**21-24. So they ... searched the land--**They advanced from south to north, reconnoitering the whole land. **the wilderness of Zin--**a long level plain, or deep valley of sand, the monotony of which is relieved by a few tamarisk and rethem trees. Under the names of El Ghor and El Araba, it forms the continuation of the Jordan valley, extending from the Dead Sea to the Gulf of Akaba. **Rehob-...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 41-50** The gaping earth was scarcely closed, before the same sins are again committed, and all these warnings slighted. They called the rebels the people of the Lord; and find fault with Divine justice. The obstinacy of Israel notwithstanding the terrors of God's law, as given on mount Sinai, and the terrors of his judgments, shows how necessary the grace of God is to change men's he...
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And it came to pass, when the congregation was gathered against Moses and against Aaron, that they looked toward the tabernacle of the congregation: and, behold, the cloud covered it, and the glory of the LORD appeared.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>"The congregation was gathered against Moses and against Aaron"</strong>—incredibly, Israel rebounds from witnessing divine judgment to renewed rebellion. The Hebrew <em>qahal</em> (קָהַל, to assemble) suggests organized opposition, not spontaneous complaint. Their accusation (implied from context and v. 41) blamed Moses and Aaron for the deaths, revealing hearts that interpret God's right...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(42) **And, behold, the cloud covered it.—**The cloud had probably been removed on the preceding day when the rebels were consumed, and was now again restored in order to encourage Moses and Aaron.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 41-50** The gaping earth was scarcely closed, before the same sins are again committed, and all these warnings slighted. They called the rebels the people of the Lord; and find fault with Divine justice. The obstinacy of Israel notwithstanding the terrors of God's law, as given on mount Sinai, and the terrors of his judgments, shows how necessary the grace of God is to change men's he...
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And Moses and Aaron came before the tabernacle of the congregation.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>"Moses and Aaron came before the tabernacle of the congregation"</strong>—they approach not in triumph but in intercession. Despite being vindicated by yesterday's judgment, despite being accused unjustly today, they move toward God's presence to stand between the people and deserved wrath. This prefigures Christ, the mediator who stands between holy God and guilty humanity (1 Timothy 2:5)...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**26. they came ... to Kadesh--**an important encampment of the Israelites. But its exact situation is not definitely known, nor is it determined whether it is the same or a different place from Kadesh-barnea. It is supposed to be identical with Ain-el-Weibeh, a famous spring on the eastern side of the desert [Robinson], or also with Petra [Stanley].

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 41-50** The gaping earth was scarcely closed, before the same sins are again committed, and all these warnings slighted. They called the rebels the people of the Lord; and find fault with Divine justice. The obstinacy of Israel notwithstanding the terrors of God's law, as given on mount Sinai, and the terrors of his judgments, shows how necessary the grace of God is to change men's he...
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And the LORD spake unto Moses, saying,

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>"The LORD spake unto Moses, saying"</strong>—for the second time in this chapter (see v. 36), <em>Yahweh dabar</em> (יְהוָה דִּבֶּר) introduces divine speech. The repetition emphasizes that what follows carries full divine authority—not Moses's frustration with persistent rebels but God's own response. The simplicity of the phrase masks the terror of what comes next: God's intention to con...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**27-28. they told him, and said, We came unto the land whither thou sentest us, and surely it floweth with milk and honey--**The report was given publicly in the audience of the people, and it was artfully arranged to begin their narrative with commendations of the natural fertility of the country in order that their subsequent slanders might the more readily receive credit.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 41-50** The gaping earth was scarcely closed, before the same sins are again committed, and all these warnings slighted. They called the rebels the people of the Lord; and find fault with Divine justice. The obstinacy of Israel notwithstanding the terrors of God's law, as given on mount Sinai, and the terrors of his judgments, shows how necessary the grace of God is to change men's he...
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Get you up from among this congregation, that I may consume them as in a moment. And they fell upon their faces.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>"Get you up from among this congregation, that I may consume them as in a moment"</strong>—God commands Moses and Aaron to separate themselves so He can destroy Israel <em>rega'</em> (רֶגַע, in an instant). The urgency reveals divine wrath ready to fall. Yet remarkably, <strong>"they fell upon their faces"</strong>—instead of fleeing to safety as commanded, they prostrate themselves in int...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**27-28. they told him, and said, We came unto the land whither thou sentest us, and surely it floweth with milk and honey--**The report was given publicly in the audience of the people, and it was artfully arranged to begin their narrative with commendations of the natural fertility of the country in order that their subsequent slanders might the more readily receive credit.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 41-50** The gaping earth was scarcely closed, before the same sins are again committed, and all these warnings slighted. They called the rebels the people of the Lord; and find fault with Divine justice. The obstinacy of Israel notwithstanding the terrors of God's law, as given on mount Sinai, and the terrors of his judgments, shows how necessary the grace of God is to change men's he...
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And Moses said unto Aaron, Take a censer, and put fire therein from off the altar, and put on incense, and go quickly unto the congregation, and make an atonement for them: for there is wrath gone out from the LORD; the plague is begun.

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KJV Study Commentary

As plague begins killing the congregation, Moses tells Aaron 'Take a censer, and put fire therein from off the altar, and put on incense, and go quickly unto the congregation, and make an atonement for them.' The very priestly ministry Korah's rebellion challenged now provides salvation from God's wrath. Aaron's intercession between living and dead demonstrates the mediator's essential role.

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(46) **Take a censer.—**Better, *the censer. *The reference appears to be to the golden censer of the high priest. Incense was an emblem of prayer, and a figure of the intercession and mediation of Christ. (See Psalm 141:2; Revelation 8:3-4.) **And go quickly.—**Or, *and carry it quickly.*

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**29. The Amalekites dwell in the land of the south--**Their territory lay between the Dead and the Red Seas, skirting the borders of Canaan. **Hittites ... dwell in the mountains--**Their settlements were in the southern and mountainous part of Palestine (Ge 23:7). **the Canaanites dwell by the sea--**The remnant of the original inhabitants, who had been dispossessed by the Philistines, were ...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 41-50** The gaping earth was scarcely closed, before the same sins are again committed, and all these warnings slighted. They called the rebels the people of the Lord; and find fault with Divine justice. The obstinacy of Israel notwithstanding the terrors of God's law, as given on mount Sinai, and the terrors of his judgments, shows how necessary the grace of God is to change men's he...
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And Aaron took as Moses commanded, and ran into the midst of the congregation; and, behold, the plague was begun among the people: and he put on incense, and made an atonement for the people.

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KJV Study Commentary

Aaron 'ran into the midst of the congregation; and, behold, the plague was begun among the people: and he put on incense, and made an atonement for the people.' Aaron's swift action, placing himself in plague's path, demonstrates courageous love for those who just accused him. The incense-offering made atonement, temporarily satisfying God's justice and stopping judgment.

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(47) **And ran into the midst of the congregation.**—The whole occasion was an extraordinary one. On ordinary occasions incense might only be offered on the golden altar within the holy place in which the priests ministered.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 41-50** The gaping earth was scarcely closed, before the same sins are again committed, and all these warnings slighted. They called the rebels the people of the Lord; and find fault with Divine justice. The obstinacy of Israel notwithstanding the terrors of God's law, as given on mount Sinai, and the terrors of his judgments, shows how necessary the grace of God is to change men's he...
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And he stood between the dead and the living; and the plague was stayed.

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KJV Study Commentary

Aaron 'stood between the dead and the living; and the plague was stayed.' This powerful image captures the mediator's position—halting judgment's advance through atoning sacrifice. The phrase emphasizes Aaron's positioning: he literally placed himself at the boundary where death ceased its progress. Yet 14,700 died (v.49), showing that while intercession halts judgment, it cannot prevent consequen...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(48) **And he stood between the dead and the living . . . —**Aaron was, in this respect, a striking type of Christ, who “hath given himself for us an offering and a sacrifice to God for a sweet-smelling savour” (Ephesians 5:2). Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers Text Courtesy of BibleSupport.com. Used by Permission. Bible Hub

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 41-50** The gaping earth was scarcely closed, before the same sins are again committed, and all these warnings slighted. They called the rebels the people of the Lord; and find fault with Divine justice. The obstinacy of Israel notwithstanding the terrors of God's law, as given on mount Sinai, and the terrors of his judgments, shows how necessary the grace of God is to change men's he...
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Now they that died in the plague were fourteen thousand and seven hundred, beside them that died about the matter of Korah.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>They that died in the plague were fourteen thousand and seven hundred</strong>—The plague (מַגֵּפָה <em>maggeiphah</em>, divine stroke/affliction) following Korah's rebellion killed 14,700 beyond the 250 who offered unauthorized incense and the earth-swallowed rebels (16:32-35). This staggering death toll (approximately 1% of military-age males) demonstrates the lethal nature of divine jud...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**32. a land that eateth up the inhabitants--**that is, an unhealthy climate and country. Jewish writers say that in the course of their travels they saw a great many funerals, vast numbers of the Canaanites being cut off at that time, in the providence of God, by a plague or the hornet (Jos 24:12). **men of a great stature--**This was evidently a false and exaggerated report, representing, from...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 41-50** The gaping earth was scarcely closed, before the same sins are again committed, and all these warnings slighted. They called the rebels the people of the Lord; and find fault with Divine justice. The obstinacy of Israel notwithstanding the terrors of God's law, as given on mount Sinai, and the terrors of his judgments, shows how necessary the grace of God is to change men's he...
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And Aaron returned unto Moses unto the door of the tabernacle of the congregation: and the plague was stayed.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Aaron returned unto Moses unto the door of the tabernacle of the congregation: and the plague was stayed</strong>—Aaron's return (שׁוּב <em>shuv</em>) to the tabernacle entrance marks mission completion—intercession had achieved its purpose. The verb <strong>stayed</strong> (עָצַר <em>atsar</em>, restrained/halted) indicates divine acceptance of priestly mediation, as Aaron stood <strong>b...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**33. there we saw the giants, the sons of Anak--**The name is derived from the son of Arba, a great man among the Arabians (Jos 15:14), who probably obtained his appellation from wearing a splendid collar or chain round his neck, as the word imports. The epithet "giant" evidently refers here to stature. (See on Ge 6:4). And it is probable the Anakims were a distinguished family, or perhaps a sele...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 41-50** The gaping earth was scarcely closed, before the same sins are again committed, and all these warnings slighted. They called the rebels the people of the Lord; and find fault with Divine justice. The obstinacy of Israel notwithstanding the terrors of God's law, as given on mount Sinai, and the terrors of his judgments, shows how necessary the grace of God is to change men's he...
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