King James Version

What Does Psalms 78:55 Mean?

Psalms 78:55 in the King James Version says “He cast out the heathen also before them, and divided them an inheritance by line, and made the tribes of Israel to dwel... — study this verse from Psalms chapter 78 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

He cast out the heathen also before them, and divided them an inheritance by line, and made the tribes of Israel to dwell in their tents.

Psalms 78:55 · KJV


Context

53

And he led them on safely, so that they feared not: but the sea overwhelmed their enemies. overwhelmed: Heb. covered

54

And he brought them to the border of his sanctuary, even to this mountain, which his right hand had purchased.

55

He cast out the heathen also before them, and divided them an inheritance by line, and made the tribes of Israel to dwell in their tents.

56

Yet they tempted and provoked the most high God, and kept not his testimonies:

57

But turned back, and dealt unfaithfully like their fathers: they were turned aside like a deceitful bow.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
He cast out the heathen also before them, and divided them an inheritance by line, and made the tribes of Israel to dwell in their tents. God actively cast out (garash, גָּרַשׁ)—a forceful expulsion—the Canaanite nations, demonstrating sovereign judgment on their wickedness (Leviticus 18:24-28). This wasn't ethnic cleansing but holy war against idolatry, prefiguring Christ's ultimate conquest of evil at His return.

The phrase divided them an inheritance by line (vaynachalem bechevel nachalah, וַיְנַחֲלֵם בְּחֶבֶל נַחֲלָה) describes the orderly land distribution by lot and measuring line (Joshua 13-21). God gave each tribe its nachalah (נַחֲלָה)—inheritance, permanent possession—fulfilling promises made centuries earlier. This inheritance anticipates believers' eternal inheritance in Christ (Ephesians 1:11).

Made the tribes of Israel to dwell in their tents emphasizes settlement and rest after wilderness wandering. The verb dwell (shakan, שָׁכַן) shares the root with mishkan (tabernacle)—Israel dwelt in the land while God dwelt among them. True rest comes when God's people inhabit God's place under God's rule.

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Historical & Cultural Context

The conquest and settlement (1406-1390 BC) transformed Israel from nomadic wanderers into a landed nation. Each tribe's inheritance became their identity marker. The 'tents' of conquered Canaanites became Israel's homes—a complete reversal showing God's faithfulness to His covenant promises despite Israel's earlier unbelief.

Reflection Questions

  1. How should Christians understand Old Testament conquest narratives in light of Christ's command to love enemies?
  2. What 'inheritance' has God given you, and how are you stewarding it for His kingdom?
  3. In what ways does secure dwelling (rest) depend on God's presence rather than merely physical location?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 10 words
וַיְגָ֤רֶשׁ1 of 10

He cast out

H1644

to drive out from a possession; especially to expatriate or divorce

מִפְּנֵיהֶ֨ם׀2 of 10

also before

H6440

the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi

גּוֹיִ֗ם3 of 10

the heathen

H1471

a foreign nation; hence, a gentile; also (figuratively) a troop of animals, or a flight of locusts

וַֽ֭יַּפִּילֵם4 of 10

them and divided

H5307

to fall, in a great variety of applications (intransitive or causative, literal or figurative)

בְּחֶ֣בֶל5 of 10

by line

H2256

ruin

נַחֲלָ֑ה6 of 10

them an inheritance

H5159

properly, something inherited, i.e., (abstractly) occupancy, or (concretely) an heirloom; generally an estate, patrimony or portion

וַיַּשְׁכֵּ֥ן7 of 10

to dwell

H7931

to reside or permanently stay (literally or figuratively)

בְּ֝אָהֳלֵיהֶ֗ם8 of 10

in their tents

H168

a tent (as clearly conspicuous from a distance)

שִׁבְטֵ֥י9 of 10

and made the tribes

H7626

a scion, i.e., (literally) a stick (for punishing, writing, fighting, ruling, walking, etc.) or (figuratively) a clan

יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃10 of 10

of Israel

H3478

he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Psalms. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Psalms 78:55 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Psalms 78:55 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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