King James Version

What Does Psalms 59:3 Mean?

Psalms 59:3 in the King James Version says “For, lo, they lie in wait for my soul: the mighty are gathered against me; not for my transgression, nor for my sin, O L... — study this verse from Psalms chapter 59 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

For, lo, they lie in wait for my soul: the mighty are gathered against me; not for my transgression, nor for my sin, O LORD.

Psalms 59:3 · KJV


Context

1

To the chief Musician, Altaschith, Michtam of David; when Saul sent, and they watched the house to kill him. Deliver me from mine enemies, O my God: defend me from them that rise up against me. Altaschith: or, To the chief Musician, destroy not, a golden Psalm of David defend: Heb. set me on high

2

Deliver me from the workers of iniquity, and save me from bloody men.

3

For, lo, they lie in wait for my soul: the mighty are gathered against me; not for my transgression, nor for my sin, O LORD.

4

They run and prepare themselves without my fault: awake to help me, and behold. help: Heb. meet

5

Thou therefore, O LORD God of hosts, the God of Israel, awake to visit all the heathen: be not merciful to any wicked transgressors. Selah.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
David's innocence claim 'not for my transgression, nor for my sin' demonstrates that suffering isn't always punitive. The Hebrew 'pesha' (transgression/rebellion) and 'chatta'ah' (sin/missing the mark) cover all categories of offense. David faces persecution despite righteousness, prefiguring Christ who suffered 'not for his own sins' but for ours (1 Peter 2:22-24).

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

This verse addresses the false charges Saul leveled against David. Despite Jonathan's defense (1 Samuel 19:4-5) and David's proven loyalty, Saul persisted in murderous intent, demonstrating that righteousness doesn't guarantee earthly justice.

Reflection Questions

  1. How do you respond when suffering is not connected to personal sin?
  2. What does Christ's undeserved suffering teach about God's purposes in allowing the righteous to suffer?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 12 words
כִּ֤י1 of 12
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

הִנֵּ֪ה2 of 12
H2009

lo!

אָֽרְב֡וּ3 of 12

For lo they lie in wait

H693

to lurk

לְנַפְשִׁ֗י4 of 12

for my soul

H5315

properly, a breathing creature, i.e., animal of (abstractly) vitality; used very widely in a literal, accommodated or figurative sense (bodily or ment

יָג֣וּרוּ5 of 12

are gathered

H1481

properly, to turn aside from the road (for a lodging or any other purpose), i.e., sojourn (as a guest); also to shrink, fear (as in a strange place);

עָלַ֣י6 of 12
H5921

above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

עַזִ֑ים7 of 12

the mighty

H5794

strong, vehement, harsh

לֹא8 of 12
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

פִשְׁעִ֖י9 of 12

against me not for my transgression

H6588

a revolt (national, moral or religious)

וְלֹא10 of 12
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

חַטָּאתִ֣י11 of 12

nor for my sin

H2403

an offence (sometimes habitual sinfulness), and its penalty, occasion, sacrifice, or expiation; also (concretely) an offender

יְהוָֽה׃12 of 12

O LORD

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Psalms. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Psalms 59:3 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Psalms 59:3 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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