King James Version

What Does Psalms 114:5 Mean?

Psalms 114:5 in the King James Version says “What ailed thee, O thou sea, that thou fleddest? thou Jordan, that thou wast driven back? — study this verse from Psalms chapter 114 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

What ailed thee, O thou sea, that thou fleddest? thou Jordan, that thou wast driven back?

Psalms 114:5 · KJV


Context

3

The sea saw it, and fled: Jordan was driven back.

4

The mountains skipped like rams, and the little hills like lambs .

5

What ailed thee, O thou sea, that thou fleddest? thou Jordan, that thou wast driven back?

6

Ye mountains, that ye skipped like rams; and ye little hills, like lambs ?

7

Tremble, thou earth, at the presence of the Lord, at the presence of the God of Jacob;


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
What ailed thee, O thou sea, that thou fleddest? The psalmist personifies creation itself, interrogating the Red Sea that parted before Israel (Exodus 14). The Hebrew verb nus (נוּס, to flee) depicts not mere movement but terrified retreat. The rhetorical question anticipates an answer given in verses 7-8: creation flees before the presence of the LORD.

Thou Jordan, that thou wast driven back? Similarly addresses the Jordan River's miraculous stoppage (Joshua 3:14-17), allowing Israel to enter Canaan. The passive construction emphasizes the water's involuntary response to divine power. These twin miracles—Red Sea at the Exodus, Jordan at the Conquest—bookend Israel's wilderness journey, demonstrating Yahweh's sovereignty over nature and history.

The interrogative form creates dramatic tension. Why would seas and rivers behave contrary to nature? The answer establishes that nature itself recognizes and submits to Israel's God, who commands both history's tide and water's flow.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Psalm 114 belongs to the Egyptian Hallel (Psalms 113-118), sung at Passover commemorating the Exodus. Jewish families recited these psalms annually, remembering God's deliverance from Egypt. The psalm's compressed narrative moves from Egypt (v. 1) to Canaan (v. 2) in two verses, treating the entire Exodus-Conquest as one unified act of redemption. The historical events—Red Sea crossing (c. 1446 BC) and Jordan crossing forty years later—were Israel's foundational salvation history, the Old Testament equivalent of Christ's death and resurrection for the church.

Reflection Questions

  1. How do the twin miracles of Red Sea and Jordan crossing demonstrate that God finishes what He starts in redemption?
  2. In what ways does all creation still respond to the presence of God, even when humans ignore Him?
  3. What modern equivalents might there be to these 'fleeing waters' moments when God's power becomes undeniable in your life?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 8 words
מַה1 of 8
H4100

properly, interrogative what? (including how? why? when?); but also exclamation, what! (including how!), or indefinitely what (including whatever, and

לְּךָ֣2 of 8
H0
הַ֭יָּם3 of 8

What ailed thee O thou sea

H3220

a sea (as breaking in noisy surf) or large body of water; specifically (with the article), the mediterranean sea; sometimes a large river, or an artif

כִּ֣י4 of 8
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

תָנ֑וּס5 of 8

that thou fleddest

H5127

to flit, i.e., vanish away (subside, escape; causatively, chase, impel, deliver)

הַ֝יַּרְדֵּ֗ן6 of 8

thou Jordan

H3383

jarden, the principal river of palestine

תִּסֹּ֥ב7 of 8

that thou wast driven

H5437

to revolve, surround, or border; used in various applications, literally and figuratively

לְאָחֽוֹר׃8 of 8

back

H268

the hinder part; hence (adverb) behind, backward; also (as facing north) the west


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Psalms. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Psalms 114:5 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Psalms 114:5 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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