King James Version

What Does Psalms 114:4 Mean?

Psalms 114:4 in the King James Version says “The mountains skipped like rams, and the little hills like lambs . — study this verse from Psalms chapter 114 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

The mountains skipped like rams, and the little hills like lambs .

Psalms 114:4 · KJV


Context

2

Judah was his sanctuary, and Israel his dominion.

3

The sea saw it, and fled: Jordan was driven back.

4

The mountains skipped like rams, and the little hills like lambs .

5

What ailed thee, O thou sea, that thou fleddest? thou Jordan, that thou wast driven back?

6

Ye mountains, that ye skipped like rams; and ye little hills, like lambs ?


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
"The mountains skipped like rams, and the little hills like lambs." The vivid imagery continues personifying creation: Heharim rakdu kh'eilim (the mountains skipped like rams). Rakad (skip/dance/leap) pictures energetic, joyful movement. Eilim (rams) are strong, vigorous adult male sheep. Geva'ot kiv'nei tzon (hills like lambs of the flock). Geva'ah (hill); keves (lamb); tzon (flock). Mountains and hills, normally immovable, skip and leap like playful sheep. This likely references Sinai theophany (Exodus 19:16-19), where the mountain quaked violently at God's descent. Some also see reference to the earth trembling when the ark returned or when God gave victories. The imagery conveys creation's joyful response to divine presence—nature worships through exuberant movement.

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Historical & Cultural Context

At Sinai, "the whole mount quaked greatly" (Exodus 19:18) when God descended in fire. The people trembled with fear (Exodus 19:16, 20:18-21). This earthquake authenticated divine presence and authority. Elijah later experienced earthquake, wind, and fire at Sinai (1 Kings 19:11-12). Earthquakes accompanied various theophanies: giving the Law, Christ's crucifixion (Matthew 27:51), resurrection (Matthew 28:2), and will accompany His return (Zechariah 14:4-5, Revelation 16:18). Psalm 29 similarly describes God's voice shaking wilderness and stripping forests. Nature's violent response to divine presence underscores God's power and holiness.

Reflection Questions

  1. What does creation's response (seas fleeing, mountains skipping) reveal about God's majesty and power?
  2. How should believers respond to God's presence—with fear, joy, worship, or all three?
  3. In what ways does creation currently "groan" (Romans 8:22) awaiting full redemption?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 6 words
הֶֽ֭הָרִים1 of 6

The mountains

H2022

a mountain or range of hills (sometimes used figuratively)

רָקְד֣וּ2 of 6

skipped

H7540

properly, to stamp, i.e., to spring about (wildly or for joy)

כְאֵילִ֑ים3 of 6

like rams

H352

properly, strength; hence, anything strong; specifically an oak or other strong tree

גְּ֝בָע֗וֹת4 of 6

and the little hills

H1389

a hillock

כִּבְנֵי5 of 6

like lambs

H1121

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or

צֹֽאן׃6 of 6
H6629

a collective name for a flock (of sheep or goats); also figuratively (of men)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Psalms. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Psalms 114:4 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Psalms 114:4 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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