King James Version

What Does Proverbs 23:31 Mean?

Proverbs 23:31 in the King James Version says “Look not thou upon the wine when it is red, when it giveth his colour in the cup , when it moveth itself aright. — study this verse from Proverbs chapter 23 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Look not thou upon the wine when it is red, when it giveth his colour in the cup , when it moveth itself aright.

Proverbs 23:31 · KJV


Context

29

Who hath woe? who hath sorrow? who hath contentions ? who hath babbling? who hath wounds without cause? who hath redness of eyes?

30

They that tarry long at the wine; they that go to seek mixed wine.

31

Look not thou upon the wine when it is red, when it giveth his colour in the cup , when it moveth itself aright.

32

At the last it biteth like a serpent, and stingeth like an adder. an: or, a cockatrice

33

Thine eyes shall behold strange women, and thine heart shall utter perverse things.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
'Look not thou upon the wine when it is red'—don't be enticed by wine's appealing appearance and smoothness. The verse describes wine's attractiveness: red color, sparkle in the cup, smooth taste. But verse 32 warns of the result: it 'biteth like a serpent.' Don't be deceived by initial pleasure; consider the outcome. This applies beyond alcohol to all sin—it appears attractive but delivers death. The serpent metaphor recalls Eden's deception. Sin promises satisfaction but brings bondage and destruction. Believers must look beyond immediate gratification to ultimate consequences. Train yourself to see sin's ugliness beneath attractive packaging. Develop taste for righteousness rather than being enticed by evil's superficial appeal.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Wine production was sophisticated in the ancient world, producing attractive and palatable beverages. The warning isn't about wine's appearance but about being seduced by momentary appeal while ignoring consequences.

Reflection Questions

  1. What sins entice you through attractive appearance while hiding destructive consequences?
  2. How can you train yourself to see past surface appeal to spiritual reality?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 11 words
אַל1 of 11
H408

not (the qualified negation, used as a deprecative); once (job 24:25) as a noun, nothing

תֵּ֥רֶא2 of 11

Look

H7200

to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)

יַיִן֮3 of 11

not thou upon the wine

H3196

wine (as fermented); by implication, intoxication

כִּ֤י4 of 11
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

יִתְאַ֫דָּ֥ם5 of 11

when it is red

H119

to show blood (in the face), i.e., flush or turn rosy

כִּֽי6 of 11
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

יִתֵּ֣ן7 of 11

when it giveth

H5414

to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)

בַּכּ֣יֹס8 of 11

in the cup

H3563

a cup (as a container), often figuratively, some unclean bird, probably an owl (perhaps from the cup-like cavity of its eye)

עֵינ֑וֹ9 of 11

his colour

H5869

an eye (literally or figuratively); by analogy, a fountain (as the eye of the landscape)

יִ֝תְהַלֵּ֗ךְ10 of 11

when it moveth

H1980

to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)

בְּמֵישָׁרִֽים׃11 of 11

itself aright

H4339

evenness, i.e., (figuratively) prosperity or concord; also straightness, i.e., (figuratively) rectitude (only in plural with singular sense; often adv


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Proverbs. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Proverbs 23:31 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Proverbs 23:31 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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