King James Version

What Does Proverbs 19:17 Mean?

Proverbs 19:17 in the King James Version says “He that hath pity upon the poor lendeth unto the LORD; and that which he hath given will he pay him again. that which: o... — study this verse from Proverbs chapter 19 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

He that hath pity upon the poor lendeth unto the LORD; and that which he hath given will he pay him again. that which: or, his deed

Proverbs 19:17 · KJV


Context

15

Slothfulness casteth into a deep sleep; and an idle soul shall suffer hunger.

16

He that keepeth the commandment keepeth his own soul; but he that despiseth his ways shall die.

17

He that hath pity upon the poor lendeth unto the LORD; and that which he hath given will he pay him again. that which: or, his deed

18

Chasten thy son while there is hope, and let not thy soul spare for his crying. for: or, to his destruction: or, to cause him to die

19

A man of great wrath shall suffer punishment: for if thou deliver him, yet thou must do it again. do: Heb. add


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
This proverb presents charity to the poor as lending to God: 'He that hath pity on the poor lendeth unto the LORD; and that which he hath given will he pay him again.' Showing pity (chanan—showing grace, compassion) to the poor constitutes lending to Yahweh Himself. The metaphor is striking—God considers Himself the debtor for kindness shown to the poor and promises repayment. This doesn't mean charity is investment for profit, but God pledges to reward those who help the needy. Jesus taught similarly: deeds done to 'the least of these' are done unto Him (Matthew 25:31-46). This grounds charity in theology—we serve God by serving the poor.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Ancient Near Eastern societies included significant poverty—widows, orphans, landless laborers, and the disabled faced economic vulnerability. Mosaic Law extensively protected the poor through gleaning rights, debt forgiveness, and prohibition of oppression. Proverbs extends this covenant concern, presenting care for the poor as spiritual obligation God rewards. Neglecting the poor violated covenant faithfulness.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does viewing generosity to the poor as 'lending to the LORD' change your perspective on charitable giving?
  2. What specific opportunities do you have to show compassion to the poor in your community?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 7 words
מַלְוֵ֣ה1 of 7

lendeth

H3867

properly, to twine; also to borrow (as a form of obligation) or (causative) to lend

יְ֭הוָה2 of 7

unto the LORD

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

ח֣וֹנֵֽן3 of 7

He that hath pity

H2603

properly, to bend or stoop in kindness to an inferior; to favor, bestow; causatively to implore (i.e., move to favor by petition)

דָּ֑ל4 of 7

upon the poor

H1800

properly, dangling, i.e., (by implication) weak or thin

וּ֝גְמֻל֗וֹ5 of 7

and that which he hath given

H1576

treatment, i.e., an act (of good or ill); by implication, service or requital

יְשַׁלֶּם6 of 7

will he pay him again

H7999

to be safe (in mind, body or estate); figuratively, to be (causatively, make) completed; by implication, to be friendly; by extension, to reciprocate

לֽוֹ׃7 of 7
H0

Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Proverbs. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Proverbs 19:17 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Proverbs 19:17 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Test Your Knowledge

Continue Your Study