King James Version

What Does Proverbs 14:21 Mean?

Proverbs 14:21 in the King James Version says “He that despiseth his neighbour sinneth: but he that hath mercy on the poor , happy is he. — study this verse from Proverbs chapter 14 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

He that despiseth his neighbour sinneth: but he that hath mercy on the poor , happy is he.

Proverbs 14:21 · KJV


Context

19

The evil bow before the good; and the wicked at the gates of the righteous.

20

The poor is hated even of his own neighbour: but the rich hath many friends. the rich: Heb. many are the lovers of the rich

21

He that despiseth his neighbour sinneth: but he that hath mercy on the poor , happy is he.

22

Do they not err that devise evil? but mercy and truth shall be to them that devise good.

23

In all labour there is profit: but the talk of the lips tendeth only to penury.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
He that despises his neighbor sins, but he that has mercy on the poor, happy is he. Contempt toward neighbors violates love commandment; mercy toward poor brings blessedness. The verse establishes both negative prohibition (don't despise) and positive command (show mercy). Despising neighbors is 'sin' (chata - missing the mark, transgression); mercy brings happiness (ashrey - blessed). Reformed theology sees here both moral obligation and eudaemonic promise - righteousness produces flourishing.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Reflects Torah's extensive provisions for poor (gleaning laws, Jubilee, charity commands). Covenant community was to show mercy mirroring God's mercy to them in Egypt's bondage.

Reflection Questions

  1. Who do you despise that God commands you to show mercy toward?
  2. How has showing mercy to poor brought blessing you wouldn't otherwise experience?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 6 words
בָּז1 of 6

He that despiseth

H936

to disrespect

לְרֵעֵ֥הוּ2 of 6

his neighbour

H7453

an associate (more or less close)

חוֹטֵ֑א3 of 6

sinneth

H2398

properly, to miss; hence (figuratively and generally) to sin; by inference, to forfeit, lack, expiate, repent, (causatively) lead astray, condemn

וּמְחוֹנֵ֖ן4 of 6

but he that hath mercy

H2603

properly, to bend or stoop in kindness to an inferior; to favor, bestow; causatively to implore (i.e., move to favor by petition)

עֲנָיִ֣ים5 of 6

on the poor

H6035

depressed (figuratively), in mind (gentle) or circumstances (needy, especially saintly)

אַשְׁרָֽיו׃6 of 6

happy

H835

happiness; only in masculine plural construction as interjection, how happy!


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Proverbs. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Proverbs 14:21 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Proverbs 14:21 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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