King James Version

What Does Philippians 2:3 Mean?

Philippians 2:3 in the King James Version says “Let nothing be done through strife or vainglory; but in lowliness of mind let each esteem other better than themselves. — study this verse from Philippians chapter 2 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

Let nothing be done through strife or vainglory; but in lowliness of mind let each esteem other better than themselves.

Philippians 2:3 · KJV


Context

1

If there be therefore any consolation in Christ, if any comfort of love, if any fellowship of the Spirit, if any bowels and mercies,

2

Fulfil ye my joy, that ye be likeminded , having the same love, being of one accord, of one mind.

3

Let nothing be done through strife or vainglory; but in lowliness of mind let each esteem other better than themselves.

4

Look not every man on his own things, but every man also on the things of others.

5

Let this mind be in you, which was also in Christ Jesus:


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Let nothing be done through strife or vainglory; but in lowliness of mind let each esteem other better than themselves (μηδὲν κατ' ἐριθείαν μηδὲ κατὰ κενοδοξίαν, ἀλλὰ τῇ ταπεινοφροσύνῃ ἀλλήλους ἡγούμενοι ὑπερέχοντας ἑαυτῶν, mēden kat' eritheian mēde kata kenodoxian, alla tē tapeinophrosynē allēlous hēgoumenoi hyperechontas heautōn)—Eritheian ("selfish ambition, rivalry," see 1:16) and kenodoxian ("empty glory, vain conceit"—from kenos, "empty," + doxa, "glory") name unity's enemies: self-promotion and empty honor-seeking.

The antidote: tapeinophrosynē ("humility, lowliness of mind")—compound of tapeinos ("low, humble") + phronēsis ("thinking, mindset"). In Greco-Roman culture, tapeinophrosynē was negative (servility, weakness); Christianity transformed it into virtue. Hēgoumenoi ("considering, regarding") is mental judgment: esteem other better than themselves (ἀλλήλους ὑπερέχοντας ἑαυτῶν, allēlous hyperechontas heautōn). Hyperechontas ("surpassing, superior") doesn't mean false self-deprecation but recognizing others' worth and prioritizing their good.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Roman society was fiercely hierarchical and honor-obsessed. Citizens competed for status, honor, and public recognition. Tapeinophrosynē (humility) was considered shameful weakness. Paul's call to esteem others as superior reversed cultural values, grounded in Christ's own humility (vv. 6-8). The Christ-hymn (vv. 5-11) will illustrate this radical ethic.

Reflection Questions

  1. How do 'selfish ambition' and 'vain glory' (eritheia, kenodoxia) manifest in Christian communities today?
  2. What's the difference between humility (tapeinophrosynē) and unhealthy self-deprecation or low self-esteem?
  3. How can you practically 'esteem others better than yourself' this week without false humility?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 12 words
μηδὲν1 of 12

Let nothing

G3367

not even one (man, woman, thing)

κατὰ2 of 12

be done through

G2596

(prepositionally) down (in place or time), in varied relations (according to the case (genitive, dative or accusative) with which it is joined)

ἐριθείαν3 of 12

strife

G2052

properly, intrigue, i.e., (by implication) faction

4 of 12

or

G2228

disjunctive, or; comparative, than

κενοδοξίαν5 of 12

vainglory

G2754

empty glorying, i.e., self-conceit

ἀλλὰ6 of 12

but

G235

properly, other things, i.e., (adverbially) contrariwise (in many relations)

τῇ7 of 12
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ταπεινοφροσύνῃ8 of 12

in lowliness of mind

G5012

humiliation of mind, i.e., modesty

ἀλλήλους9 of 12

each

G240

one another

ἡγούμενοι10 of 12

esteem

G2233

to lead, i.e., command (with official authority); figuratively, to deem, i.e., consider

ὑπερέχοντας11 of 12

better than

G5242

to hold oneself above, i.e., (figuratively) to excel; participle (as adjective, or neuter as noun) superior, superiority

ἑαυτῶν12 of 12

themselves

G1438

(him- her-, it-, them-, my-, thy-, our-, your-)self (selves), etc


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Philippians. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Philippians 2:3 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Philippians 2:3 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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