King James Version

What Does Numbers 18:7 Mean?

Numbers 18:7 in the King James Version says “Therefore thou and thy sons with thee shall keep your priest's office for every thing of the altar, and within the vail;... — study this verse from Numbers chapter 18 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Therefore thou and thy sons with thee shall keep your priest's office for every thing of the altar, and within the vail; and ye shall serve: I have given your priest's office unto you as a service of gift: and the stranger that cometh nigh shall be put to death.

Numbers 18:7 · KJV


Context

5

And ye shall keep the charge of the sanctuary, and the charge of the altar: that there be no wrath any more upon the children of Israel.

6

And I, behold, I have taken your brethren the Levites from among the children of Israel: to you they are given as a gift for the LORD, to do the service of the tabernacle of the congregation.

7

Therefore thou and thy sons with thee shall keep your priest's office for every thing of the altar, and within the vail; and ye shall serve: I have given your priest's office unto you as a service of gift: and the stranger that cometh nigh shall be put to death.

8

And the LORD spake unto Aaron, Behold, I also have given thee the charge of mine heave offerings of all the hallowed things of the children of Israel; unto thee have I given them by reason of the anointing, and to thy sons, by an ordinance for ever.

9

This shall be thine of the most holy things, reserved from the fire: every oblation of theirs, every meat offering of theirs, and every sin offering of theirs, and every trespass offering of theirs, which they shall render unto me, shall be most holy for thee and for thy sons.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Therefore thou and thy sons with thee shall keep your priest's office for every thing of the altar, and within the vail; and ye shall serve: I have given your priest's office unto you as a service of gift. God declares the priesthood a gift-service to Aaron's line. The phrase 'keep your priest's office' assigns exclusive priestly duties. The reference to 'altar and within the vail' encompasses the entire tabernacle service. The statement 'service of gift' (avodath mattanah, עֲבוֹדַת מַתָּנָה) indicates priesthood is gracious appointment, not earned right. This teaches that ministry is God's gift, not human achievement. The exclusive nature (Aaron's sons only) shows God determines who serves in particular roles. While all believers are priests (1 Peter 2:9), specific ministry callings come by divine appointment. The privilege of serving God is a grace-gift requiring faithful stewardship.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

This declaration followed Korah's rebellion, reaffirming the Aaronic priesthood's exclusive rights. The 'stranger' (non-Aaronite) who approached holy things was to be put to death (Numbers 18:7), emphasizing the serious nature of priestly boundaries. The priests' exclusive access to altar and veil (Holy of Holies entrance) distinguished them from Levites who served but couldn't offer sacrifices. Ancient Near Eastern priesthoods often claimed hereditary rights, but Israel's priesthood was explicitly God's gift-appointment. The service's description as 'gift' emphasized grace despite its demanding nature. Christ's unique priesthood (Hebrews 7) superseded the Aaronic line, opening access to God for all believers. The principle remains that specific ministry callings are divine gifts requiring grateful, faithful service.

Reflection Questions

  1. What does the priesthood being called a 'service of gift' teach about viewing ministry as grace rather than earned right?
  2. How should understanding ministry as divine gift affect our attitude toward service and calling?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 20 words
וְאַתָּ֣ה1 of 20
H859

thou and thee, or (plural) ye and you

וּבָנֶ֣יךָ2 of 20

Therefore thou and thy sons

H1121

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or

אִ֠תְּךָ3 of 20
H854

properly, nearness (used only as a preposition or an adverb), near; hence, generally, with, by, at, among, etc

תִּשְׁמְר֨וּ4 of 20

with thee shall keep

H8104

properly, to hedge about (as with thorns), i.e., guard; generally, to protect, attend to, etc

אֶת5 of 20
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

כְּהֻנַּתְכֶ֔ם6 of 20

your priest's office

H3550

priesthood

לְכָל7 of 20
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

דְּבַ֧ר8 of 20

for every thing

H1697

a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause

הַמִּזְבֵּ֛חַ9 of 20

of the altar

H4196

an altar

וּלְמִבֵּ֥ית10 of 20

and within

H1004

a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)

לַפָּרֹ֖כֶת11 of 20

the vail

H6532

a separatrix, i.e., (the sacred) screen

וַֽעֲבַדְתֶּ֑ם12 of 20

and ye shall serve

H5647

to work (in any sense); by implication, to serve, till, (causatively) enslave, etc

עֲבֹדַ֣ת13 of 20

unto you as a service

H5656

work of any kind

מַתָּנָ֗ה14 of 20

of gift

H4979

a present; specifically (in a good sense), a sacrificial offering, (in a bad sense) a bribe

אֶתֵּן֙15 of 20

I have given

H5414

to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)

אֶת16 of 20
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

כְּהֻנַּתְכֶ֔ם17 of 20

your priest's office

H3550

priesthood

וְהַזָּ֥ר18 of 20

and the stranger

H2114

to turn aside (especially for lodging); hence to be a foreigner, strange, profane; specifically (active participle) to commit adultery

הַקָּרֵ֖ב19 of 20

that cometh nigh

H7131

near

יוּמָֽת׃20 of 20

shall be put to death

H4191

to die (literally or figuratively); causatively, to kill


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Numbers. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Numbers 18:7 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Numbers 18:7 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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