King James Version

What Does Lamentations 1:21 Mean?

Lamentations 1:21 in the King James Version says “They have heard that I sigh: there is none to comfort me: all mine enemies have heard of my trouble; they are glad that ... — study this verse from Lamentations chapter 1 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

They have heard that I sigh: there is none to comfort me: all mine enemies have heard of my trouble; they are glad that thou hast done it: thou wilt bring the day that thou hast called, and they shall be like unto me. called: or, proclaimed

Lamentations 1:21 · KJV


Context

19

I called for my lovers, but they deceived me: my priests and mine elders gave up the ghost in the city, while they sought their meat to relieve their souls.

20

Behold, O LORD; for I am in distress: my bowels are troubled; mine heart is turned within me; for I have grievously rebelled: abroad the sword bereaveth, at home there is as death.

21

They have heard that I sigh: there is none to comfort me: all mine enemies have heard of my trouble; they are glad that thou hast done it: thou wilt bring the day that thou hast called, and they shall be like unto me. called: or, proclaimed

22

Let all their wickedness come before thee; and do unto them, as thou hast done unto me for all my transgressions: for my sighs are many, and my heart is faint.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Others hear but don't help: "They have heard that I sigh: there is none to comfort me" (shame'u ki-ne'enchah ani ein menachem li). Enemies are aware of suffering but offer no compassion. Worse: "all mine enemies have heard of my trouble; they are glad that thou hast done it" (kol-oyevai shame'u ra'ati sasu ki atah asita). The verb sus (שׂוּשׂ, "glad, rejoice") indicates perverse joy in others' misfortune. Proverbs 24:17-18 warns: "Rejoice not when thine enemy falleth...lest the LORD see it, and it displease him." Obadiah 1:12 condemns Edom: "thou shouldest not have looked on the day of thy brother in the day that he became a stranger." Yet Jerusalem acknowledges: "thou hast done it"—recognizing God's hand in judgment. This prevents misplaced blame. The verse concludes with petition: "thou wilt bring the day that thou hast called, and they shall be like unto me" (heveta yom-karata veyihyu kamoni). Requesting that God's judgment extend to mockers demonstrates that vengeance belongs to God (Romans 12:19), not us.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Surrounding nations' schadenfreude (joy in others' misfortune) at Judah's fall is documented throughout Scripture. Psalm 79:4 laments: 'We are become a reproach to our neighbours, a scorn and derision to them that are round about us.' Psalm 137:7 calls for God to remember Edom's mockery. Ezekiel 25-26 pronounces judgment on Ammon, Moab, Edom, Philistia, and Tyre for rejoicing over Jerusalem's fall. The prayer for enemies to experience similar judgment reflects imprecatory psalms (Psalms 35, 69, 109, 137, 139:19-22). These aren't personal vindictiveness but appeals for God's justice. They recognize that mocking God's people mocks God Himself. The New Testament shows Christ absorbing such mockery (Matthew 27:39-44) and praying for persecutors' forgiveness (Luke 23:34), demonstrating the greater mercy available in the new covenant. Yet Revelation shows final judgment will vindicate God's people and judge mockers (Revelation 18:20, 19:2).

Reflection Questions

  1. How should we respond when others rejoice in our suffering or failures, and what does it mean to leave vengeance to God?
  2. What's the difference between imprecatory psalms/prayers (appealing for God's justice) versus personal revenge or vindictiveness?
  3. How does Christ's prayer for His mockers' forgiveness (Luke 23:34) challenge yet fulfill the desire for divine justice in this verse?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 20 words
שָׁמְע֤וּ1 of 20

They have heard

H8085

to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)

כִּ֧י2 of 20
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

נֶאֱנָחָ֣ה3 of 20

that I sigh

H584

to sigh

אָ֗נִי4 of 20
H589

i

אֵ֤ין5 of 20
H369

a nonentity; generally used as a negative particle

מְנַחֵם֙6 of 20

there is none to comfort

H5162

properly, to sigh, i.e., breathe strongly; by implication, to be sorry, i.e., (in a favorable sense) to pity, console or (reflexively) rue; or (unfavo

לִ֔י7 of 20
H0
כָּל8 of 20
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

אֹ֨יְבַ֜י9 of 20

me all mine enemies

H341

hating; an adversary

שָׁמְע֤וּ10 of 20

They have heard

H8085

to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)

רָֽעָתִי֙11 of 20

of my trouble

H7451

bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral)

שָׂ֔שׂוּ12 of 20

they are glad

H7797

to be bright, i.e., cheerful

כִּ֥י13 of 20
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

אַתָּ֖ה14 of 20
H859

thou and thee, or (plural) ye and you

עָשִׂ֑יתָ15 of 20

that thou hast done

H6213

to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application

הֵבֵ֥אתָ16 of 20

it thou wilt bring

H935

to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)

יוֹם17 of 20

the day

H3117

a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an asso

קָרָ֖אתָ18 of 20

that thou hast called

H7121

to call out to (i.e., properly, address by name, but used in a wide variety of applications)

וְיִֽהְי֥וּ19 of 20
H1961

to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)

כָמֽוֹנִי׃20 of 20

and they shall be like

H3644

as, thus, so


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Lamentations. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Lamentations 1:21 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Lamentations 1:21 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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