King James Version

What Does Job 20:19 Mean?

Job 20:19 in the King James Version says “Because he hath oppressed and hath forsaken the poor; because he hath violently taken away an house which he builded not... — study this verse from Job chapter 20 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Because he hath oppressed and hath forsaken the poor; because he hath violently taken away an house which he builded not; oppressed: Heb. crushed

Job 20:19 · KJV


Context

17

He shall not see the rivers, the floods, the brooks of honey and butter. the floods: or, streaming brooks

18

That which he laboured for shall he restore, and shall not swallow it down: according to his substance shall the restitution be, and he shall not rejoice therein. his: Heb. the substance of his exchange

19

Because he hath oppressed and hath forsaken the poor; because he hath violently taken away an house which he builded not; oppressed: Heb. crushed

20

Surely he shall not feel quietness in his belly, he shall not save of that which he desired. feel: Heb. know

21

There shall none of his meat be left; therefore shall no man look for his goods. none: or, be none left for his meat


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
The wicked oppress the poor: 'Because he hath oppressed and hath forsaken the poor; because he hath violently taken away an house which he builded not.' Zophar accuses Job of oppressing the poor and seizing houses—serious moral charges. These accusations are false (Job 29-31 shows his generosity). Zophar invents specific sins to explain Job's suffering, demonstrating how theodicy can become slander when it assumes suffering always indicates specific wickedness.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Ancient Near Eastern law and prophetic literature strongly condemned oppression of the poor and property theft (Exodus 22:21-27, Amos 2:6-7). Zophar leverages these serious charges against Job without evidence, showing how theology can justify slander.

Reflection Questions

  1. How do we avoid falsely accusing others to make their suffering fit our theological framework?
  2. What responsibility do we have when we've wrongly accused someone?
  3. How does the Gospel address both actual injustice and false accusation?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 8 words
כִּֽי1 of 8
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

רִ֭צַּץ2 of 8

Because he hath oppressed

H7533

to crack in pieces, literally or figuratively

עָזַ֣ב3 of 8

and hath forsaken

H5800

to loosen, i.e., relinquish, permit, etc

דַּלִּ֑ים4 of 8

the poor

H1800

properly, dangling, i.e., (by implication) weak or thin

בַּ֥יִת5 of 8

an house

H1004

a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)

גָּ֝זַ֗ל6 of 8

because he hath violently taken away

H1497

to pluck off; specifically to flay, strip or rob

וְלֹ֣א7 of 8
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

יִבֶנֵֽהוּ׃8 of 8

which he builded

H1129

to build (literally and figuratively)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Job. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Job 20:19 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Job 20:19 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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