King James Version

What Does Job 15:31 Mean?

Job 15:31 in the King James Version says “Let not him that is deceived trust in vanity: for vanity shall be his recompence. — study this verse from Job chapter 15 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Let not him that is deceived trust in vanity: for vanity shall be his recompence.

Job 15:31 · KJV


Context

29

He shall not be rich, neither shall his substance continue, neither shall he prolong the perfection thereof upon the earth.

30

He shall not depart out of darkness; the flame shall dry up his branches, and by the breath of his mouth shall he go away.

31

Let not him that is deceived trust in vanity: for vanity shall be his recompence.

32

It shall be accomplished before his time, and his branch shall not be green. accomplished: or, cut off

33

He shall shake off his unripe grape as the vine, and shall cast off his flower as the olive.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
'Let not him that is deceived trust in vanity: for vanity shall be his recompence.' Eliphaz warns: don't let the 'deceived' (נִתְעָה, nit'ah) trust in 'vanity' (שָׁוְא, shav—emptiness, worthlessness), for vanity will be his 'recompence' (תְּמוּרָתוֹ, temurato—exchange, wages). The principle is sound: trusting worthless things yields worthless results (Isaiah 30:7, Jeremiah 2:5). The application to Job is false: Job doesn't trust vanity but cries to God. Eliphaz subtly equates Job's honest questions with trusting emptiness. This conflates faith with unquestioning acceptance. True faith can question and lament (Psalms, Habakkuk). The Reformed tradition distinguishes living faith (which includes honest struggle) from dead presumption.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Ancient wisdom warned against trusting false securities—wealth, power, human schemes. Eliphaz here weaponizes this wisdom, suggesting Job's protests constitute trusting vanity rather than recognizing them as honest faith struggling with mystery.

Reflection Questions

  1. How do we distinguish between trusting vanity and honestly wrestling with God?
  2. What false securities do we substitute for genuine trust in God's character?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 8 words
אַל1 of 8
H408

not (the qualified negation, used as a deprecative); once (job 24:25) as a noun, nothing

יַאֲמֵ֣ן2 of 8

trust

H539

properly, to build up or support; to foster as a parent or nurse; figuratively to render (or be) firm or faithful, to trust or believe, to be permanen

שָׁ֝֗וְא3 of 8

for vanity

H7723

evil (as destructive), literally (ruin) or morally (especially guile); figuratively idolatry (as false, subjective), uselessness (as deceptive, object

נִתְעָ֑ה4 of 8

Let not him that is deceived

H8582

to vacillate, i.e., reel or stray (literally or figuratively); also causative of both

כִּי5 of 8
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

שָׁ֝֗וְא6 of 8

for vanity

H7723

evil (as destructive), literally (ruin) or morally (especially guile); figuratively idolatry (as false, subjective), uselessness (as deceptive, object

תִּהְיֶ֥ה7 of 8
H1961

to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)

תְמוּרָתֽוֹ׃8 of 8

shall be his recompence

H8545

barter, compensation


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Job. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Job 15:31 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Job 15:31 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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