King James Version

What Does Isaiah 8:21 Mean?

Isaiah 8:21 in the King James Version says “And they shall pass through it, hardly bestead and hungry: and it shall come to pass, that when they shall be hungry, th... — study this verse from Isaiah chapter 8 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And they shall pass through it, hardly bestead and hungry: and it shall come to pass, that when they shall be hungry, they shall fret themselves, and curse their king and their God, and look upward.

Isaiah 8:21 · KJV


Context

19

And when they shall say unto you, Seek unto them that have familiar spirits, and unto wizards that peep, and that mutter: should not a people seek unto their God? for the living to the dead?

20

To the law and to the testimony: if they speak not according to this word, it is because there is no light in them. no: Heb. no morning

21

And they shall pass through it, hardly bestead and hungry: and it shall come to pass, that when they shall be hungry, they shall fret themselves, and curse their king and their God, and look upward.

22

And they shall look unto the earth; and behold trouble and darkness, dimness of anguish; and they shall be driven to darkness.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
This verse describes the despair of those who reject God's word and pursue forbidden knowledge. 'Hardly bestead' means severely pressed or distressed; 'hunger' suggests spiritual emptiness and dissatisfaction. When hungry and oppressed, they become enraged, cursing both their earthly king and God. The phrase 'look upward' might suggest a last desperate prayer, but it's not genuine worship—it's rage. This illustrates the Reformed doctrine of total depravity: without grace, humanity's response to suffering is rebellion, not repentance. Self-chosen spiritual darkness produces bitterness toward God.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Fulfilled in Israel's final days before Assyrian conquest (722 BC) and Judah's suffering during Babylonian siege (586 BC). Historical records describe famine, cannibalism, and complete societal breakdown during these sieges (2 Kings 6:28-29; Lamentations 4:10). Rather than repenting, people blasphemed God. Jesus prophesied similar responses during Jerusalem's destruction in AD 70 (Luke 21:20-24). Human nature's default in crisis is to blame God rather than seek Him in repentance.

Reflection Questions

  1. How do people today respond to hardship by blaming God rather than seeking Him?
  2. What is the difference between genuine prayer in crisis and angry accusations toward God?
  3. How can we guard our hearts against bitterness when experiencing God's discipline?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 13 words
וְעָ֥בַר1 of 13

And they shall pass

H5674

to cross over; used very widely of any transition (literal or figurative; transitive, intransitive, intensive, causative); specifically, to cover (in

בָּ֖הּ2 of 13
H0
נִקְשֶׁ֣ה3 of 13

through it hardly bestead

H7185

properly, to be dense, i.e., tough or severe (in various applications)

וְרָעֵ֑ב4 of 13

and hungry

H7457

hungry (more or less intensely)

וְהָיָ֨ה5 of 13
H1961

to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)

כִֽי6 of 13
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

יִרְעַ֜ב7 of 13

and it shall come to pass that when they shall be hungry

H7456

to hunger

וְהִתְקַצַּ֗ף8 of 13

they shall fret

H7107

to crack off, i.e., (figuratively) burst out in rage

וְקִלֵּ֧ל9 of 13

themselves and curse

H7043

to be (causatively, make) light, literally (swift, small, sharp, etc.) or figuratively (easy, trifling, vile, etc.)

בְּמַלְכּ֛וֹ10 of 13

their king

H4428

a king

וּבֵאלֹהָ֖יו11 of 13

and their God

H430

gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of

וּפָנָ֥ה12 of 13

and look

H6437

to turn; by implication, to face, i.e., appear, look, etc

לְמָֽעְלָה׃13 of 13

upward

H4605

properly,the upper part, used only adverbially with prefix upward, above, overhead, from the top, etc


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Isaiah. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Isaiah 8:21 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Isaiah 8:21 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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