King James Version

What Does Exodus 22:28 Mean?

Exodus 22:28 in the King James Version says “Thou shalt not revile the gods, nor curse the ruler of thy people. gods: or, judges — study this verse from Exodus chapter 22 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Thou shalt not revile the gods, nor curse the ruler of thy people. gods: or, judges

Exodus 22:28 · KJV


Context

26

If thou at all take thy neighbour's raiment to pledge, thou shalt deliver it unto him by that the sun goeth down:

27

For that is his covering only, it is his raiment for his skin: wherein shall he sleep? and it shall come to pass, when he crieth unto me, that I will hear; for I am gracious.

28

Thou shalt not revile the gods, nor curse the ruler of thy people. gods: or, judges

29

Thou shalt not delay to offer the first of thy ripe fruits, and of thy liquors: the firstborn of thy sons shalt thou give unto me. the first: Heb. thy fulness liquors: Heb. tear

30

Likewise shalt thou do with thine oxen, and with thy sheep: seven days it shall be with his dam; on the eighth day thou shalt give it me.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Thou shalt not revile the gods, nor curse the ruler of thy people.

'Revile the gods' (אֱלֹהִים לֹא תְקַלֵּל, Elohim lo teqallel)—'gods' is likely judges/rulers (elohim can mean God, gods, or judges; Psalm 82:6). The parallel with 'ruler' (נָשִׂיא, nasi) supports this. Paul quotes this in Acts 23:5 regarding the high priest—even corrupt authority deserves respect for office's sake. The principle: honor authority even when disagreeing. Peter and Paul command respect for governing authorities (Romans 13:1-7, 1 Peter 2:13-17). We can critique policy without cursing persons. Daniel and his friends obeyed Babylon's king when possible, disobeyed when conscience required, but never 'cursed' him.

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Historical & Cultural Context

The Hebrew elohim is ambiguous—can mean God, gods, judges, or rulers. Context (parallel with 'ruler') suggests judges/magistrates. Respecting authority, even flawed authority, maintains social order.

Reflection Questions

  1. How can Christians balance respect for governing authorities with prophetic critique of injustice?
  2. What does Paul's application of this verse (Acts 23:5) teach about respecting even corrupt leaders?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 7 words
אֱלֹהִ֖ים1 of 7

the gods

H430

gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of

לֹ֣א2 of 7
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

תְקַלֵּ֑ל3 of 7

Thou shalt not revile

H7043

to be (causatively, make) light, literally (swift, small, sharp, etc.) or figuratively (easy, trifling, vile, etc.)

וְנָשִׂ֥יא4 of 7

the ruler

H5387

properly, an exalted one, i.e., a king or sheik; also a rising mist

בְעַמְּךָ֖5 of 7

of thy people

H5971

a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock

לֹ֥א6 of 7
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

תָאֹֽר׃7 of 7

nor curse

H779

to execrate


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Exodus. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Exodus 22:28 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Exodus 22:28 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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