King James Version

What Does Isaiah 13:18 Mean?

Isaiah 13:18 in the King James Version says “Their bows also shall dash the young men to pieces; and they shall have no pity on the fruit of the womb; their eye shal... — study this verse from Isaiah chapter 13 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Their bows also shall dash the young men to pieces; and they shall have no pity on the fruit of the womb; their eye shall not spare children.

Isaiah 13:18 · KJV


Context

16

Their children also shall be dashed to pieces before their eyes; their houses shall be spoiled, and their wives ravished .

17

Behold, I will stir up the Medes against them, which shall not regard silver; and as for gold, they shall not delight in it.

18

Their bows also shall dash the young men to pieces; and they shall have no pity on the fruit of the womb; their eye shall not spare children.

19

And Babylon, the glory of kingdoms, the beauty of the Chaldees' excellency, shall be as when God overthrew Sodom and Gomorrah. as: Heb. as the overthrowing

20

It shall never be inhabited, neither shall it be dwelt in from generation to generation: neither shall the Arabian pitch tent there; neither shall the shepherds make their fold there.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
The brutality continues: 'Their bows also shall dash the young men to pieces; and they shall have no pity on the fruit of the womb; their eye shall not spare children.' Medo-Persian archers were legendary. The image of bows dashing young men suggests both arrows killing soldiers and perhaps brutal treatment after conquest. The specific mention of no pity on unborn children ('fruit of the womb') or children emphasizes judgment's comprehensiveness—no future generation survives. This is dynastic termination, not just military defeat. The repetition of judgment-on-children language (see v.16) stresses totality: Babylon's line ends.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

The Medes and Persians were indeed known for archery—their composite bows were military technology superior to most contemporaries. However, the historical conquest of Babylon (539 BC) was less violent than Isaiah's language suggests—possibly because the language is partially symbolic, emphasizing spiritual/eschatological judgment, or because God's mercy moderated the judgment, or because elements remain unfulfilled until ultimate judgment. The emphasis on children likely relates to dynasty—Belshazzar was the last Babylonian king; the royal line ended. No sons inherited the throne.

Reflection Questions

  1. How do we understand prophetic language that seems more violent than historical fulfillment—symbolic, spiritual, or awaiting final fulfillment?
  2. What does the termination of Babylon's dynasty teach about the end of all human kingdoms before God's eternal kingdom?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 12 words
וּקְשָׁת֖וֹת1 of 12

Their bows

H7198

a bow, for shooting (hence, figuratively, strength) or the iris

נְעָרִ֣ים2 of 12

the young men

H5288

(concretely) a boy (as active), from the age of infancy to adolescence; by implication, a servant; also (by interch. of sex), a girl (of similar latit

תְּרַטַּ֑שְׁנָה3 of 12

also shall dash

H7376

to dash down

וּפְרִי4 of 12

on the fruit

H6529

fruit (literally or figuratively)

בֶ֙טֶן֙5 of 12

of the womb

H990

the belly, especially the womb; also the bosom or body of anything

לֹ֣א6 of 12
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

יְרַחֵ֔מוּ7 of 12

and they shall have no pity

H7355

to fondle; by implication, to love, especially to compassionate

עַל8 of 12
H5921

above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

בָּנִ֖ים9 of 12

children

H1121

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or

לֹֽא10 of 12
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

תָח֥וּס11 of 12

shall not spare

H2347

properly, to cover, i.e., (figuratively) to compassionate

עֵינָֽם׃12 of 12

their eye

H5869

an eye (literally or figuratively); by analogy, a fountain (as the eye of the landscape)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Isaiah. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Isaiah 13:18 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Isaiah 13:18 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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