King James Version

What Does Habakkuk 2:5 Mean?

Habakkuk 2:5 in the King James Version says “Yea also, because he transgresseth by wine, he is a proud man, neither keepeth at home, who enlargeth his desire as hell... — study this verse from Habakkuk chapter 2 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Yea also, because he transgresseth by wine, he is a proud man, neither keepeth at home, who enlargeth his desire as hell, and is as death, and cannot be satisfied, but gathereth unto him all nations, and heapeth unto him all people: Yea: or, How much more

Habakkuk 2:5 · KJV


Context

3

For the vision is yet for an appointed time, but at the end it shall speak, and not lie: though it tarry, wait for it; because it will surely come, it will not tarry.

4

Behold, his soul which is lifted up is not upright in him: but the just shall live by his faith.

5

Yea also, because he transgresseth by wine, he is a proud man, neither keepeth at home, who enlargeth his desire as hell, and is as death, and cannot be satisfied, but gathereth unto him all nations, and heapeth unto him all people: Yea: or, How much more

6

Shall not all these take up a parable against him, and a taunting proverb against him, and say, Woe to him that increaseth that which is not his! how long? and to him that ladeth himself with thick clay! Woe: or, Ho, he

7

Shall they not rise up suddenly that shall bite thee, and awake that shall vex thee, and thou shalt be for booties unto them?


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Yea also, because he transgresseth by wine, he is a proud man, neither keepeth at home, who enlargeth his desire as hell, and is as death, and cannot be satisfied. This verse introduces the five woes against Babylon (verses 6-20), beginning with a character portrait of the oppressor. He transgresseth by wine (יַיִן בּוֹגֵד/yayin boged)—wine is treacherous, making men faithless and unreliable. Wine represents intoxication with power and conquest, leading to betrayal of moral boundaries.

A proud man (גֶּבֶר יָהִיר/gever yahir) describes the arrogant tyrant who neither keepeth at home (לֹא יִנְוֶה/lo yinveh)—refuses to stay within proper boundaries, constantly expanding territory. Who enlargeth his desire as hell (הִרְחִיב כִּשְׁאוֹל נַפְשׁוֹ/hirchiv kishe'ol nafsho)—appetite as wide as Sheol, the grave that never says 'enough' (Proverbs 27:20). And is as death (וְהוּא כַמָּוֶת/vehu kammavet)—insatiable as death itself, which consumes all. This describes imperial greed that devours nations endlessly, never satisfied regardless of how much it conquers. The imagery warns that insatiable ambition ultimately destroys those who harbor it—Babylon's unchecked appetite would lead to its own demise.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Babylon under Nebuchadnezzar II exemplified insatiable imperial ambition. Between 605-562 BC, Babylon conquered Egypt, Judah, Tyre, and numerous other nations, building the largest empire in Near Eastern history to that point. Neo-Babylonian inscriptions boast of endless conquests and tribute. Yet this empire, seemingly invincible, fell to Persia in 539 BC—just 66 years after Nebuchadnezzar's first conquest. The very greed and overreach that built the empire contributed to its collapse. The pattern repeats throughout history: empires driven by insatiable ambition eventually overextend and collapse. Rome, the Mongols, Napoleon, Hitler—all fell partly due to overreach born of uncontrolled ambition.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does insatiable ambition—whether for power, wealth, or success—function as spiritual intoxication that leads to self-destruction?
  2. What are the modern equivalents of 'enlarging desire as hell'—never being satisfied regardless of achievement or acquisition?
  3. How does contentment function as spiritual protection against the destructive cycle of endless striving and consumption?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 24 words
וְאַף֙1 of 24
H637

meaning accession (used as an adverb or conjunction); also or yea; adversatively though

כִּֽי2 of 24
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

הַיַּ֣יִן3 of 24

by wine

H3196

wine (as fermented); by implication, intoxication

בּוֹגֵ֔ד4 of 24

Yea also because he transgresseth

H898

to cover (with a garment); figuratively, to act covertly; by implication, to pillage

גֶּ֥בֶר5 of 24

man

H1397

properly, a valiant man or warrior; generally, a person simply

יָהִ֖יר6 of 24

he is a proud

H3093

elated; hence, arrogant

וְלֹ֣א7 of 24
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

יִנְוֶ֑ה8 of 24

neither keepeth at home

H5115

to rest (as at home); causatively (through the implied idea of beauty), to celebrate (with praises)

אֲשֶׁר֩9 of 24
H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

הִרְחִ֨יב10 of 24

who enlargeth

H7337

to broaden (intransitive or transitive, literal or figurative)

כִּשְׁא֜וֹל11 of 24

as hell

H7585

hades or the world of the dead (as if a subterranean retreat), including its accessories and inmates

נַפְשׁ֗וֹ12 of 24

his desire

H5315

properly, a breathing creature, i.e., animal of (abstractly) vitality; used very widely in a literal, accommodated or figurative sense (bodily or ment

וְה֤וּא13 of 24
H1931

he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo

כַמָּ֙וֶת֙14 of 24

and is as death

H4194

death (natural or violent); concretely, the dead, their place or state (hades); figuratively, pestilence, ruin

וְלֹ֣א15 of 24
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

יִשְׂבָּ֔ע16 of 24

and cannot be satisfied

H7646

to sate, i.e., fill to satisfaction (literally or figuratively)

וַיֶּאֱסֹ֤ף17 of 24

but gathereth

H622

to gather for any purpose; hence, to receive, take away, i.e., remove (destroy, leave behind, put up, restore, etc.)

אֵלָיו֙18 of 24
H413

near, with or among; often in general, to

כָּל19 of 24
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

הַגּוֹיִ֔ם20 of 24

unto him all nations

H1471

a foreign nation; hence, a gentile; also (figuratively) a troop of animals, or a flight of locusts

וַיִּקְבֹּ֥ץ21 of 24

and heapeth

H6908

to grasp, i.e., collect

אֵלָ֖יו22 of 24
H413

near, with or among; often in general, to

כָּל23 of 24
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

הָעַמִּֽים׃24 of 24

unto him all people

H5971

a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Habakkuk. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Habakkuk 2:5 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Habakkuk 2:5 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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