King James Version

What Does Ezekiel 46:17 Mean?

Ezekiel 46:17 in the King James Version says “But if he give a gift of his inheritance to one of his servants, then it shall be his to the year of liberty; after it s... — study this verse from Ezekiel chapter 46 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

But if he give a gift of his inheritance to one of his servants, then it shall be his to the year of liberty; after it shall return to the prince: but his inheritance shall be his sons' for them.

Ezekiel 46:17 · KJV


Context

15

Thus shall they prepare the lamb, and the meat offering, and the oil, every morning for a continual burnt offering.

16

Thus saith the Lord GOD; If the prince give a gift unto any of his sons, the inheritance thereof shall be his sons'; it shall be their possession by inheritance.

17

But if he give a gift of his inheritance to one of his servants, then it shall be his to the year of liberty; after it shall return to the prince: but his inheritance shall be his sons' for them.

18

Moreover the prince shall not take of the people's inheritance by oppression, to thrust them out of their possession; but he shall give his sons inheritance out of his own possession: that my people be not scattered every man from his possession.

19

After he brought me through the entry, which was at the side of the gate, into the holy chambers of the priests, which looked toward the north: and, behold, there was a place on the two sides westward.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
But if he give a gift of his inheritance to one of his servants, then it shall be his to the year of liberty; after it shall return to the prince—Land given to עֶבֶד (ʿeved, 'servant/slave') reverts in שְׁנַת הַדְּרוֹר (shĕnat hadĕrôr, 'year of liberty/release')—the Jubilee year (Leviticus 25:10, Isaiah 61:1-2).

But his inheritance shall be his sons' for them—Sons retain inheritance permanently; servants only temporarily. This preserves family land tenure, preventing permanent alienation of tribal inheritances—a Jubilee principle (Leviticus 25:23-28). Land ultimately belongs to God; families are stewards across generations. The prince's gifts to servants revert, ensuring sons' inheritance remains intact. This demonstrates that God's ultimate inheritance (salvation, eternal life) belongs to sons (believers—Romans 8:14-17, Galatians 4:6-7), not hired servants. Sonship, not servanthood, secures eternal inheritance.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Jubilee year (every 50th year) returned ancestral lands to original families, released debt-slaves, and reset economic inequalities (Leviticus 25). There's debate whether it was consistently observed, though Jeremiah 34:8-22 references slave release (if related). Ezekiel's vision includes Jubilee principles, showing that even in millennial kingdom, restorative justice operates. Christ proclaimed Jubilee's fulfillment (Luke 4:18-19)—ultimate liberation from sin's slavery.

Reflection Questions

  1. What does Jubilee's land restoration teach about God's ultimate ownership?
  2. How does servant vs. son distinction relate to salvation (servanthood vs. sonship)?
  3. How did Jesus proclaim Jubilee's fulfillment (Luke 4:18-19, Isaiah 61:1-2)?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 18 words
וְכִֽי1 of 18
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

יִתֵּ֨ן2 of 18

But if he give

H5414

to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)

מַתָּנָ֜ה3 of 18

a gift

H4979

a present; specifically (in a good sense), a sacrificial offering, (in a bad sense) a bribe

נַחֲלָת֔וֹ4 of 18

but his inheritance

H5159

properly, something inherited, i.e., (abstractly) occupancy, or (concretely) an heirloom; generally an estate, patrimony or portion

לְאַחַד֙5 of 18

to one

H259

properly, united, i.e., one; or (as an ordinal) first

מֵֽעֲבָדָ֔יו6 of 18

of his servants

H5650

a servant

וְהָ֤יְתָה7 of 18
H1961

to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)

לּוֹ֙8 of 18
H0
עַד9 of 18
H5704

as far (or long, or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during, while, until) or degree (equally with)

שְׁנַ֣ת10 of 18

then it shall be his to the year

H8141

a year (as a revolution of time)

הַדְּר֔וֹר11 of 18

of liberty

H1865

freedom; hence, spontaneity of outflow, and so clear

וְשָׁבַ֖ת12 of 18

after it shall return

H7725

to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point);

לַנָּשִׂ֑יא13 of 18

to the prince

H5387

properly, an exalted one, i.e., a king or sheik; also a rising mist

אַ֚ךְ14 of 18
H389

a particle of affirmation, surely; hence (by limitation) only

נַחֲלָת֔וֹ15 of 18

but his inheritance

H5159

properly, something inherited, i.e., (abstractly) occupancy, or (concretely) an heirloom; generally an estate, patrimony or portion

בָּנָ֖יו16 of 18

shall be his sons

H1121

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or

לָהֶ֥ם17 of 18
H1992

they (only used when emphatic)

תִּהְיֶֽה׃18 of 18
H1961

to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Ezekiel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Ezekiel 46:17 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Ezekiel 46:17 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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