King James Version

What Does Ezekiel 31:4 Mean?

Ezekiel 31:4 in the King James Version says “The waters made him great, the deep set him up on high with her rivers running round about his plants, and sent out her ... — study this verse from Ezekiel chapter 31 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

The waters made him great, the deep set him up on high with her rivers running round about his plants, and sent out her little rivers unto all the trees of the field. made: or, nourished him set: or, brought him up little rivers: or, conduits

Ezekiel 31:4 · KJV


Context

2

Son of man, speak unto Pharaoh king of Egypt, and to his multitude; Whom art thou like in thy greatness?

3

Behold, the Assyrian was a cedar in Lebanon with fair branches, and with a shadowing shroud, and of an high stature; and his top was among the thick boughs. with fair branches: Heb. fair of branches

4

The waters made him great, the deep set him up on high with her rivers running round about his plants, and sent out her little rivers unto all the trees of the field. made: or, nourished him set: or, brought him up little rivers: or, conduits

5

Therefore his height was exalted above all the trees of the field, and his boughs were multiplied, and his branches became long because of the multitude of waters, when he shot forth. when: or, when it sent them forth

6

All the fowls of heaven made their nests in his boughs, and under his branches did all the beasts of the field bring forth their young, and under his shadow dwelt all great nations.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
The 'waters' and 'rivers' represent resources, wealth, and prosperity that caused Assyria's growth. God provided these blessings, not Assyria's inherent greatness. Attributing God-given resources to human achievement exemplifies pride. The cedar's height and reach depended entirely on water supply—Assyria's greatness depended entirely on God's providence, though they didn't acknowledge it.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Assyria's prosperity derived from controlling international trade routes and agricultural regions. The Tigris and Euphrates rivers provided life and commerce. Yet Assyria credited their gods and military might, not Yahweh's providence.

Reflection Questions

  1. What God-given resources or advantages might you be attributing to your own abilities?
  2. How does recognizing God as the source of all blessing affect your stewardship of resources?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 16 words
מַ֣יִם1 of 16

The waters

H4325

water; figuratively, juice; by euphemism, urine, semen

גִּדְּל֔וּהוּ2 of 16

made him great

H1431

to be (causatively make) large (in various senses, as in body, mind, estate or honor, also in pride)

תְּה֖וֹם3 of 16

the deep

H8415

an abyss (as a surging mass of water), especially the deep (the main sea or the subterranean watersupply)

רֹֽמְמָ֑תְהוּ4 of 16

set him up on high

H7311

to be high actively, to rise or raise (in various applications, literally or figuratively)

אֶת5 of 16
H854

properly, nearness (used only as a preposition or an adverb), near; hence, generally, with, by, at, among, etc

נַהֲרֹתֶ֗יהָ6 of 16

with her rivers

H5104

a stream (including the sea; expectation the nile, euphrates, etc.); figuratively, prosperity

הֹלֵךְ֙7 of 16

running

H1980

to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)

סְבִיב֣וֹת8 of 16

round about

H5439

(as noun) a circle, neighbour, or environs; but chiefly (as adverb, with or without preposition) around

מַטָּעָ֔הּ9 of 16

his plants

H4302

something planted, i.e., the place (a garden or vineyard), or the thing (a plant, figuratively or men); by implication, the act, planting

וְאֶת10 of 16
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

תְּעָלֹתֶ֣יהָ11 of 16

her little rivers

H8585

a bandage or plaster (as placed upon a wound)

שִׁלְחָ֔ה12 of 16

and sent out

H7971

to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications)

אֶ֖ל13 of 16
H413

near, with or among; often in general, to

כָּל14 of 16
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

עֲצֵ֥י15 of 16

unto all the trees

H6086

a tree (from its firmness); hence, wood (plural sticks)

הַשָּׂדֶֽה׃16 of 16

of the field

H7704

a field (as flat)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Ezekiel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Ezekiel 31:4 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Ezekiel 31:4 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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