King James Version

What Does Exodus 40:33 Mean?

Exodus 40:33 in the King James Version says “And he reared up the court round about the tabernacle and the altar, and set up the hanging of the court gate. So Moses ... — study this verse from Exodus chapter 40 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And he reared up the court round about the tabernacle and the altar, and set up the hanging of the court gate. So Moses finished the work.

Exodus 40:33 · KJV


Context

31

And Moses and Aaron and his sons washed their hands and their feet thereat:

32

When they went into the tent of the congregation, and when they came near unto the altar, they washed; as the LORD commanded Moses.

33

And he reared up the court round about the tabernacle and the altar, and set up the hanging of the court gate. So Moses finished the work.

34

Then a cloud covered the tent of the congregation, and the glory of the LORD filled the tabernacle.

35

And Moses was not able to enter into the tent of the congregation, because the cloud abode thereon, and the glory of the LORD filled the tabernacle.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
'He reared up the court round about the tabernacle and the altar' (וַיָּקֶם אֶת־הֶחָצֵר, vayaqem et-heChatser) establishes sacred boundaries. The courtyard's enclosure separated holy space from common camp, teaching that God's dwelling requires distinction from profanity. The phrase 'set up the hanging of the court gate' completes the boundary, creating one entry point—prefiguring Christ, the exclusive way to the Father (John 14:6). Moses' declaration 'So Moses finished the work' (וַיְכַל מֹשֶׁה אֶת־הַמְּלָאכָה, vayekhal Mosheh et-haMelakhah) echoes creation's completion (Genesis 2:1-2, וַיְכֻלּוּ, vayekhullu, were finished). Christ's 'It is finished' (John 19:30, Τετέλεσται) completes redemption.

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Historical & Cultural Context

The courtyard's substantial dimensions (150 feet by 75 feet) created sacred space accessible to all Israelites, not just priests. The single gate entrance controlled access, preventing casual or irreverent approach. The completion statement connects tabernacle (creation microcosm) to Genesis creation—both reflect God's ordered purpose.

Reflection Questions

  1. How do sacred boundaries (courtyard walls) teach the church's call to be separate while remaining accessible?
  2. What does 'Moses finished the work' paralleling creation's completion and Christ's 'finished' reveal about redemptive history's stages?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 15 words
וַיָּ֣קֶם1 of 15

And he reared up

H6965

to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative)

אֶת2 of 15
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

הֶֽחָצֵ֑ר3 of 15

of the court

H2691

a yard (as inclosed by a fence); also a hamlet (as similarly surrounded with walls)

סָבִיב֙4 of 15

round about

H5439

(as noun) a circle, neighbour, or environs; but chiefly (as adverb, with or without preposition) around

לַמִּשְׁכָּ֣ן5 of 15

the tabernacle

H4908

a residence (including a shepherd's hut, the lair of animals, figuratively, the grave; also the temple); specifically, the tabernacle (properly, its w

וְלַמִּזְבֵּ֔חַ6 of 15

and the altar

H4196

an altar

וַיִּתֵּ֕ן7 of 15

and set up

H5414

to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)

אֶת8 of 15
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

מָסַ֖ךְ9 of 15

the hanging

H4539

a cover, i.e., veil

שַׁ֣עַר10 of 15

gate

H8179

an opening, i.e., door or gate

הֶֽחָצֵ֑ר11 of 15

of the court

H2691

a yard (as inclosed by a fence); also a hamlet (as similarly surrounded with walls)

וַיְכַ֥ל12 of 15

finished

H3615

to end, whether intransitive (to cease, be finished, perish) or transitive (to complete, prepare, consume)

מֹשֶׁ֖ה13 of 15

So Moses

H4872

mosheh, the israelite lawgiver

אֶת14 of 15
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

הַמְּלָאכָֽה׃15 of 15

the work

H4399

properly, deputyship, i.e., ministry; generally, employment (never servile) or work (abstractly or concretely); also property (as the result of labor)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Exodus. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Exodus 40:33 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Exodus 40:33 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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