King James Version

What Does Exodus 40:31 Mean?

Exodus 40:31 in the King James Version says “And Moses and Aaron and his sons washed their hands and their feet thereat: — study this verse from Exodus chapter 40 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And Moses and Aaron and his sons washed their hands and their feet thereat:

Exodus 40:31 · KJV


Context

29

And he put the altar of burnt offering by the door of the tabernacle of the tent of the congregation, and offered upon it the burnt offering and the meat offering; as the LORD commanded Moses.

30

And he set the laver between the tent of the congregation and the altar, and put water there, to wash withal.

31

And Moses and Aaron and his sons washed their hands and their feet thereat:

32

When they went into the tent of the congregation, and when they came near unto the altar, they washed; as the LORD commanded Moses.

33

And he reared up the court round about the tabernacle and the altar, and set up the hanging of the court gate. So Moses finished the work.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Aaron and his sons washing hands and feet at the laver establishes priestly purity requirements. The hands (service) and feet (walk) symbolize conduct and character—ministry requires holiness in deed and direction. The washing's regularity ('when they went into...when they came near,' v. 32) teaches that cleansing is ongoing, not once-for-all—justification occurs once, sanctification continues. The 8th and final 'as the LORD commanded Moses' in chapter 40 completes the obedience emphasis (eight = new beginning). Believers, as priests (1 Peter 2:9), need continual cleansing (1 John 1:9).

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

The priestly washing requirement (Exodus 30:19-21) under death penalty emphasized that even consecrated priests needed repeated cleansing. The hands and feet (not the whole body) indicated that justified priests needed sanctification, not re-justification (cf. John 13:10, Jesus washing disciples' feet).

Reflection Questions

  1. How does washing hands (deeds) and feet (walk) teach that holiness encompasses both conduct and character?
  2. What does repeated washing (not once-for-all) teach about believers' ongoing need for sanctification?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 9 words
וְרָֽחֲצ֣וּ1 of 9

washed

H7364

to lave (the whole or a part of a thing)

מִמֶּ֔נּוּ2 of 9
H4480

properly, a part of; hence (prepositionally), from or out of in many senses

מֹשֶׁ֖ה3 of 9

And Moses

H4872

mosheh, the israelite lawgiver

וְאַֽהֲרֹ֣ן4 of 9

and Aaron

H175

aharon, the brother of moses

וּבָנָ֑יו5 of 9

and his sons

H1121

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or

אֶת6 of 9
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

יְדֵיהֶ֖ם7 of 9

their hands

H3027

a hand (the open one [indicating power, means, direction, etc.], in distinction from h3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great v

וְאֶת8 of 9
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

רַגְלֵיהֶֽם׃9 of 9

and their feet

H7272

a foot (as used in walking); by implication, a step; by euphemistically the pudenda


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Exodus. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Exodus 40:31 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Exodus 40:31 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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