King James Version

What Does Exodus 34:5 Mean?

Exodus 34:5 in the King James Version says “And the LORD descended in the cloud, and stood with him there, and proclaimed the name of the LORD. — study this verse from Exodus chapter 34 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And the LORD descended in the cloud, and stood with him there, and proclaimed the name of the LORD.

Exodus 34:5 · KJV


Context

3

And no man shall come up with thee, neither let any man be seen throughout all the mount; neither let the flocks nor herds feed before that mount.

4

And he hewed two tables of stone like unto the first; and Moses rose up early in the morning, and went up unto mount Sinai, as the LORD had commanded him, and took in his hand the two tables of stone.

5

And the LORD descended in the cloud, and stood with him there, and proclaimed the name of the LORD.

6

And the LORD passed by before him, and proclaimed, The LORD, The LORD God, merciful and gracious, longsuffering , and abundant in goodness and truth,

7

Keeping mercy for thousands, forgiving iniquity and transgression and sin, and that will by no means clear the guilty; visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children, and upon the children's children, unto the third and to the fourth generation.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
The LORD descends in the cloud (עָנָן, anan)—the visible manifestation of divine presence (Shekinah glory). God takes the initiative to 'stand with him there' and proclaims His own name (שֵׁם יְהוָה, shem YHWH). This self-revelation is unprecedented—God defines Himself not merely in power but in character. The cloud signifies both revelation and concealment; God makes Himself known while preserving His transcendence.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

The cloud had guided Israel from Egypt (13:21-22) and now becomes the location for this crucial covenant renewal. This theophany parallels God's appearances to the patriarchs.

Reflection Questions

  1. What is significant about God proclaiming His own name rather than having Moses speak it?
  2. How does the cloud illustrate the tension between God's transcendence and immanence?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 9 words
וַיֵּ֤רֶד1 of 9

descended

H3381

to descend (literally, to go downwards; or conventionally to a lower region, as the shore, a boundary, the enemy, etc.; or figuratively, to fall); cau

יְהוָֽה׃2 of 9

And the LORD

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

בֶּֽעָנָ֔ן3 of 9

in the cloud

H6051

a cloud (as covering the sky), i.e., the nimbus or thunder-cloud

וַיִּתְיַצֵּ֥ב4 of 9

and stood

H3320

to place (any thing so as to stay); reflexively, to station, offer, continue

עִמּ֖וֹ5 of 9
H5973

adverb or preposition, with (i.e., in conjunction with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with; often with prepositional prefix (and then

שָׁ֑ם6 of 9
H8033

there (transferring to time) then; often thither, or thence

וַיִּקְרָ֥א7 of 9

with him there and proclaimed

H7121

to call out to (i.e., properly, address by name, but used in a wide variety of applications)

בְשֵׁ֖ם8 of 9

the name

H8034

an appellation, as a mark or memorial of individuality; by implication honor, authority, character

יְהוָֽה׃9 of 9

And the LORD

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Exodus. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Exodus 34:5 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Exodus 34:5 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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