King James Version

What Does Exodus 34:16 Mean?

Exodus 34:16 in the King James Version says “And thou take of their daughters unto thy sons, and their daughters go a whoring after their gods, and make thy sons go ... — study this verse from Exodus chapter 34 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And thou take of their daughters unto thy sons, and their daughters go a whoring after their gods, and make thy sons go a whoring after their gods.

Exodus 34:16 · KJV


Context

14

For thou shalt worship no other god: for the LORD, whose name is Jealous, is a jealous God:

15

Lest thou make a covenant with the inhabitants of the land, and they go a whoring after their gods, and do sacrifice unto their gods, and one call thee, and thou eat of his sacrifice;

16

And thou take of their daughters unto thy sons, and their daughters go a whoring after their gods, and make thy sons go a whoring after their gods.

17

Thou shalt make thee no molten gods.

18

The feast of unleavened bread shalt thou keep. Seven days thou shalt eat unleavened bread, as I commanded thee, in the time of the month Abib: for in the month Abib thou camest out from Egypt.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Intermarriage (taking Canaanite wives) would lead to idolatry spreading to the next generation. Foreign wives would 'make your sons go a whoring after their gods'—exactly what happened to Solomon (1 Kings 11:1-8). This principle extends to the New Testament prohibition on believers marrying unbelievers (2 Cor 6:14). The concern is not ethnic but spiritual—preservation of covenant faithfulness.

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Historical & Cultural Context

This command was tragically disregarded by many Israelites (Judges 3:5-6), leading to cyclical apostasy during the judges period. Ezra later enforced this principle (Ezra 9-10).

Reflection Questions

  1. How does marriage to an unbeliever create unique spiritual dangers?
  2. What practical steps can believers take to prioritize spiritual compatibility in relationships?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 12 words
וְלָֽקַחְתָּ֥1 of 12

And thou take

H3947

to take (in the widest variety of applications)

בְנֹתָ֗יו2 of 12

and their daughters

H1323

a daughter (used in the same wide sense as other terms of relationship, literally and figuratively)

בָּנֶ֔יךָ3 of 12

thy sons

H1121

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or

וְהִזְנוּ֙4 of 12

and make

H2181

to commit adultery (usually of the female, and less often of simple fornication, rarely of involuntary ravishment); figuratively, to commit idolatry (

בְנֹתָ֗יו5 of 12

and their daughters

H1323

a daughter (used in the same wide sense as other terms of relationship, literally and figuratively)

אַֽחֲרֵ֖י6 of 12

after

H310

properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)

אֱלֹֽהֵיהֶֽן׃7 of 12

their gods

H430

gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of

וְהִזְנוּ֙8 of 12

and make

H2181

to commit adultery (usually of the female, and less often of simple fornication, rarely of involuntary ravishment); figuratively, to commit idolatry (

אֶת9 of 12
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

בָּנֶ֔יךָ10 of 12

thy sons

H1121

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or

אַֽחֲרֵ֖י11 of 12

after

H310

properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)

אֱלֹֽהֵיהֶֽן׃12 of 12

their gods

H430

gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Exodus. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Exodus 34:16 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Exodus 34:16 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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