King James Version

What Does Exodus 33:20 Mean?

Exodus 33:20 in the King James Version says “And he said, Thou canst not see my face: for there shall no man see me, and live. — study this verse from Exodus chapter 33 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And he said, Thou canst not see my face: for there shall no man see me, and live.

Exodus 33:20 · KJV


Context

18

And he said, I beseech thee, shew me thy glory.

19

And he said, I will make all my goodness pass before thee, and I will proclaim the name of the LORD before thee; and will be gracious to whom I will be gracious, and will shew mercy on whom I will shew mercy.

20

And he said, Thou canst not see my face: for there shall no man see me, and live.

21

And the LORD said, Behold, there is a place by me, and thou shalt stand upon a rock:

22

And it shall come to pass, while my glory passeth by, that I will put thee in a clift of the rock, and will cover thee with my hand while I pass by:


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And he said, Thou canst not see my face: for there shall no man see me, and live—God establishes a crucial limitation: seeing the divine 'face' (פָּנַי, panai—God's essence, full unveiled glory) would annihilate mortal humanity. This explains the apparent contradiction with v.11's 'face to face'—that phrase meant relational intimacy, not visual perception of divine essence. The principle holds throughout Scripture until glorification enables believers to 'see his face' (Revelation 22:4). This verse reveals both human limitation (we cannot bear unmediated holiness) and divine protection (God shields us from what would destroy us). Only the incarnate Christ makes seeing God possible (John 1:18, 14:9).

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

This theological principle explains why Old Testament theophanies involved mediated forms (cloud, fire, angel of the Lord). Even Isaiah's temple vision left him undone (Isaiah 6:5), and Manoah feared death after seeing the angel of the Lord (Judges 13:22).

Reflection Questions

  1. How does this limitation increase your appreciation for Christ's incarnation, which made 'seeing' God possible?
  2. What does God's protective limitation teach about His care for our weakness even while drawing us near?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 11 words
וַיֹּ֕אמֶר1 of 11

And he said

H559

to say (used with great latitude)

לֹ֥א2 of 11
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

תוּכַ֖ל3 of 11

Thou canst

H3201

to be able, literally (can, could) or morally (may, might)

יִרְאַ֥נִי4 of 11

not see

H7200

to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)

אֶת5 of 11
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

פָּנָ֑י6 of 11

my face

H6440

the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi

כִּ֛י7 of 11
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

לֹֽא8 of 11
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

יִרְאַ֥נִי9 of 11

not see

H7200

to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)

הָֽאָדָ֖ם10 of 11

for there shall no man

H120

ruddy i.e., a human being (an individual or the species, mankind, etc.)

וָחָֽי׃11 of 11

me and live

H2425

to live; causatively to revive


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Exodus. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Exodus 33:20 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Exodus 33:20 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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