King James Version

What Does Exodus 28:10 Mean?

Exodus 28:10 in the King James Version says “Six of their names on one stone, and the other six names of the rest on the other stone, according to their birth. — study this verse from Exodus chapter 28 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Six of their names on one stone, and the other six names of the rest on the other stone, according to their birth.

Exodus 28:10 · KJV


Context

8

And the curious girdle of the ephod, which is upon it, shall be of the same, according to the work thereof; even of gold, of blue, and purple, and scarlet , and fine twined linen. curious: or, embroidered

9

And thou shalt take two onyx stones, and grave on them the names of the children of Israel:

10

Six of their names on one stone, and the other six names of the rest on the other stone, according to their birth.

11

With the work of an engraver in stone, like the engravings of a signet, shalt thou engrave the two stones with the names of the children of Israel: thou shalt make them to be set in ouches of gold.

12

And thou shalt put the two stones upon the shoulders of the ephod for stones of memorial unto the children of Israel: and Aaron shall bear their names before the LORD upon his two shoulders for a memorial.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Six tribal names on each stone, listed by birth: Reuben through Zebulun on one, the rest on the other. This division maintains the twelve's unity (both stones present) while acknowledging individual identity (names separated). The high priest can't bear one tribe without the other—all Israel comes together. Christ's priestly work benefits the entire church; He doesn't intercede for some while neglecting others. All are equally represented.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

The birth order listing (Reuben as firstborn through Benjamin as youngest) reflected the patriarchal structure while avoiding favoritism based on current tribal status. Jacob's sons, despite their varied histories and Leah versus Rachel's rivalry, were equally represented.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does Christ's equal representation of all believers combat favoritism in the church?
  2. What does the unity of twelve names (despite two stones) teach about church unity amid diversity?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 13 words
הַשִּׁשָּׁ֧ה1 of 13

Six

H8337

six (as an overplus beyond five or the fingers of the hand); as ordinal, sixth

שְׁמ֞וֹת2 of 13

names

H8034

an appellation, as a mark or memorial of individuality; by implication honor, authority, character

עַ֖ל3 of 13
H5921

above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

הָאֶ֥בֶן4 of 13

stone

H68

a stone

הָֽאֶחָ֑ת5 of 13

on one

H259

properly, united, i.e., one; or (as an ordinal) first

וְאֶת6 of 13
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

שְׁמ֞וֹת7 of 13

names

H8034

an appellation, as a mark or memorial of individuality; by implication honor, authority, character

הַשִּׁשָּׁ֧ה8 of 13

Six

H8337

six (as an overplus beyond five or the fingers of the hand); as ordinal, sixth

הַנּֽוֹתָרִ֛ים9 of 13

of the rest

H3498

to jut over or exceed; by implication, to excel; (intransitively) to remain or be left; causatively to leave, cause to abound, preserve

עַל10 of 13
H5921

above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

הָאֶ֥בֶן11 of 13

stone

H68

a stone

הַשֵּׁנִ֖ית12 of 13

on the other

H8145

properly, double, i.e., second; also adverbially, again

כְּתֽוֹלְדֹתָֽם׃13 of 13

according to their birth

H8435

(plural only) descent, i.e., family; (figuratively) history


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Exodus. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Exodus 28:10 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Exodus 28:10 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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