King James Version

What Does Exodus 28:9 Mean?

Exodus 28:9 in the King James Version says “And thou shalt take two onyx stones, and grave on them the names of the children of Israel: — study this verse from Exodus chapter 28 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And thou shalt take two onyx stones, and grave on them the names of the children of Israel:

Exodus 28:9 · KJV


Context

7

It shall have the two shoulderpieces thereof joined at the two edges thereof; and so it shall be joined together.

8

And the curious girdle of the ephod, which is upon it, shall be of the same, according to the work thereof; even of gold, of blue, and purple, and scarlet , and fine twined linen. curious: or, embroidered

9

And thou shalt take two onyx stones, and grave on them the names of the children of Israel:

10

Six of their names on one stone, and the other six names of the rest on the other stone, according to their birth.

11

With the work of an engraver in stone, like the engravings of a signet, shalt thou engrave the two stones with the names of the children of Israel: thou shalt make them to be set in ouches of gold.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Two onyx stones engraved with the tribes' names—six names per stone, arranged by birth order. Engraving suggests permanence; these names aren't written but carved into stone. Birth order indicates that God remembers each tribe's history and origin. The high priest bears this permanent record on his shoulders (strength). Christ bears our names permanently—not temporarily remembered but eternally engraved. We are 'graven upon the palms of His hands' (Isaiah 49:16).

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Onyx (שֹׁהַם, shoham), a semi-precious stone with layered coloring, was valuable and durable. The engraving required skilled craftsmen to carve the names without breaking the stone—permanent yet delicate work.

Reflection Questions

  1. What does 'engraved' (versus written) names teach about the permanence of Christ's remembrance of you?
  2. How does God's remembering your 'birth order' (personal history) encourage you?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 10 words
וְלָ֣קַחְתָּ֔1 of 10

And thou shalt take

H3947

to take (in the widest variety of applications)

אֶת2 of 10
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

שְׁתֵּ֖י3 of 10

two

H8147

two; also (as ordinal) twofold

אַבְנֵי4 of 10

stones

H68

a stone

שֹׁ֑הַם5 of 10

onyx

H7718

a gem, probably the beryl (from its pale green color)

וּפִתַּחְתָּ֣6 of 10

and grave

H6605

to open wide (literally or figuratively); specifically, to loosen, begin, plough, carve

עֲלֵיהֶ֔ם7 of 10
H5921

above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

שְׁמ֖וֹת8 of 10

on them the names

H8034

an appellation, as a mark or memorial of individuality; by implication honor, authority, character

בְּנֵ֥י9 of 10

of the children

H1121

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or

יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃10 of 10

of Israel

H3478

he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Exodus. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Exodus 28:9 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Exodus 28:9 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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