King James Version

What Does Exodus 22:7 Mean?

Exodus 22:7 in the King James Version says “If a man shall deliver unto his neighbour money or stuff to keep, and it be stolen out of the man's house; if the thief ... — study this verse from Exodus chapter 22 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

If a man shall deliver unto his neighbour money or stuff to keep, and it be stolen out of the man's house; if the thief be found, let him pay double.

Exodus 22:7 · KJV


Context

5

If a man shall cause a field or vineyard to be eaten, and shall put in his beast, and shall feed in another man's field; of the best of his own field, and of the best of his own vineyard, shall he make restitution.

6

If fire break out, and catch in thorns, so that the stacks of corn, or the standing corn, or the field, be consumed therewith; he that kindled the fire shall surely make restitution.

7

If a man shall deliver unto his neighbour money or stuff to keep, and it be stolen out of the man's house; if the thief be found, let him pay double.

8

If the thief be not found, then the master of the house shall be brought unto the judges, to see whether he have put his hand unto his neighbour's goods.

9

For all manner of trespass, whether it be for ox, for ass, for sheep, for raiment, or for any manner of lost thing, which another challengeth to be his, the cause of both parties shall come before the judges; and whom the judges shall condemn, he shall pay double unto his neighbour.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
If a man shall deliver unto his neighbour money or stuff to keep, and it be stolen out of the man's house; if the thief be found, let him pay double.

Theft laws emphasize restitution over retribution—restoring victims exceeds merely punishing thieves. The graduated penalties (200-500% depending on circumstances) deter theft while providing for victim's losses. This restorative justice model contrasts with purely punitive systems. The principle: sin has consequences requiring repayment. Gospel application: Christ paid infinitely more than our debt, providing ultimate restitution for sin's theft of God's glory.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Ancient Near Eastern theft penalties varied widely—some death, some forced labor, some restitution. Israel's approach balanced deterrence with restoration, protecting both victim and perpetrator.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does this law reveal God's character—His justice, mercy, or holiness?
  2. What New Testament principles build upon or fulfill this Old Testament regulation?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 17 words
כִּֽי1 of 17
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

יִתֵּן֩2 of 17

shall deliver

H5414

to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)

הָאִ֑ישׁ3 of 17

If a man

H376

a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)

אֶל4 of 17
H413

near, with or among; often in general, to

רֵעֵ֜הוּ5 of 17

unto his neighbour

H7453

an associate (more or less close)

כֶּ֤סֶף6 of 17

money

H3701

silver (from its pale color); by implication, money

אֽוֹ7 of 17
H176

desire (and so probably in proverbs 31:4); hence (by way of alternative) or, also if

כֵלִים֙8 of 17

or stuff

H3627

something prepared, i.e., any apparatus (as an implement, utensil, dress, vessel or weapon)

לִשְׁמֹ֔ר9 of 17

to keep

H8104

properly, to hedge about (as with thorns), i.e., guard; generally, to protect, attend to, etc

וְגֻנַּ֖ב10 of 17

and it be stolen

H1589

to thieve (literally or figuratively); by implication, to deceive

מִבֵּ֣ית11 of 17

house

H1004

a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)

הָאִ֑ישׁ12 of 17

If a man

H376

a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)

אִם13 of 17
H518

used very widely as demonstrative, lo!; interrogative, whether?; or conditional, if, although; also oh that!, when; hence, as a negative, not

יִמָּצֵ֥א14 of 17

be found

H4672

properly, to come forth to, i.e., appear or exist; transitively, to attain, i.e., find or acquire; figuratively, to occur, meet or be present

הַגַּנָּ֖ב15 of 17

if the thief

H1590

a stealer

יְשַׁלֵּ֥ם16 of 17

let him pay

H7999

to be safe (in mind, body or estate); figuratively, to be (causatively, make) completed; by implication, to be friendly; by extension, to reciprocate

שְׁנָֽיִם׃17 of 17

double

H8147

two; also (as ordinal) twofold


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Exodus. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Exodus 22:7 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Exodus 22:7 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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