King James Version

What Does Proverbs 6:30 Mean?

Proverbs 6:30 in the King James Version says “Men do not despise a thief, if he steal to satisfy his soul when he is hungry; — study this verse from Proverbs chapter 6 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Men do not despise a thief, if he steal to satisfy his soul when he is hungry;

Proverbs 6:30 · KJV


Context

28

Can one go upon hot coals, and his feet not be burned?

29

So he that goeth in to his neighbour's wife; whosoever toucheth her shall not be innocent.

30

Men do not despise a thief, if he steal to satisfy his soul when he is hungry;

31

But if he be found, he shall restore sevenfold; he shall give all the substance of his house.

32

But whoso committeth adultery with a woman lacketh understanding: he that doeth it destroyeth his own soul. understanding: Heb. heart


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
People don't despise a thief if he steals to satisfy hunger when starving. This verse introduces a comparison: even theft for survival, while still wrong, is somewhat understandable. The Hebrew 'buwz' (despise/hold in contempt) indicates that starving thief evokes some sympathy. The logic prepares for v.32's contrast: adultery lacks even this mitigating circumstance. It's not driven by necessity but by folly.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Ancient legal codes, including Mosaic Law, distinguished between theft from need versus theft from greed. Exodus 22:1-15 prescribed restitution for theft but recognized circumstances matter. Jean Valjean in Les Misérables embodies this principle - stealing bread for starving family evokes sympathy. But adultery has no such mitigating factor; it's pure moral failure.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does understanding context and circumstance affect your moral evaluation of others' sins?
  2. What sins do you commit that lack even the 'excuse' of necessity or hunger?
  3. How should awareness that your sins are inexcusable (unlike theft from hunger) affect repentance?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 9 words
לֹא1 of 9
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

יָב֣וּזוּ2 of 9

Men do not despise

H936

to disrespect

לַ֭גַּנָּב3 of 9

a thief

H1590

a stealer

כִּ֣י4 of 9
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

יִגְנ֑וֹב5 of 9

if he steal

H1589

to thieve (literally or figuratively); by implication, to deceive

לְמַלֵּ֥א6 of 9

to satisfy

H4390

to fill or (intransitively) be full of, in a wide application (literally and figuratively)

נַ֝פְשׁ֗וֹ7 of 9

his soul

H5315

properly, a breathing creature, i.e., animal of (abstractly) vitality; used very widely in a literal, accommodated or figurative sense (bodily or ment

כִּ֣י8 of 9
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

יִרְעָֽב׃9 of 9

when he is hungry

H7456

to hunger


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Proverbs. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Proverbs 6:30 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

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