King James Version

What Does Exodus 22:17 Mean?

Exodus 22:17 in the King James Version says “If her father utterly refuse to give her unto him, he shall pay money according to the dowry of virgins. pay: Heb. weigh — study this verse from Exodus chapter 22 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

If her father utterly refuse to give her unto him, he shall pay money according to the dowry of virgins. pay: Heb. weigh

Exodus 22:17 · KJV


Context

15

But if the owner thereof be with it, he shall not make it good: if it be an hired thing, it came for his hire.

16

And if a man entice a maid that is not betrothed, and lie with her, he shall surely endow her to be his wife.

17

If her father utterly refuse to give her unto him, he shall pay money according to the dowry of virgins. pay: Heb. weigh

18

Thou shalt not suffer a witch to live.

19

Whosoever lieth with a beast shall surely be put to death.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
If her father utterly refuse to give her unto him, he shall pay money according to the dowry of virgins.

This ordinance reveals God's comprehensive justice—regulating economic transactions, property rights, and social relationships. The mishpatim create framework for covenant community to flourish. Each law applies broader principles: love God supremely, love neighbor practically. Modern believers aren't bound by ceremonial laws but should pursue their spirit—justice, mercy, and faithfulness (Matthew 23:23). God's character revealed in law guides Christian ethics.

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Historical & Cultural Context

These civil regulations distinguished Israel from surrounding nations, creating a society reflecting God's justice. The laws balance individual rights with community welfare, property rights with compassion for the poor.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does this law reveal God's character—His justice, mercy, or holiness?
  2. What New Testament principles build upon or fulfill this Old Testament regulation?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 10 words
אִם1 of 10
H518

used very widely as demonstrative, lo!; interrogative, whether?; or conditional, if, although; also oh that!, when; hence, as a negative, not

יְמָאֵ֛ן2 of 10

refuse

H3985

to refuse

יְמָאֵ֛ן3 of 10

refuse

H3985

to refuse

אָבִ֖יהָ4 of 10

If her father

H1

father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application

לְתִתָּ֣הּ5 of 10

to give

H5414

to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)

ל֑וֹ6 of 10
H0
כֶּ֣סֶף7 of 10

money

H3701

silver (from its pale color); by implication, money

יִשְׁקֹ֔ל8 of 10

her unto him he shall pay

H8254

to suspend or poise (especially in trade)

כְּמֹ֖הַר9 of 10

according to the dowry

H4119

a price (for a wife)

הַבְּתוּלֹֽת׃10 of 10

of virgins

H1330

a virgin (from her privacy); sometimes (by continuation) a bride; also (figuratively) a city or state


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Exodus. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Exodus 22:17 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Exodus 22:17 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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