King James Version

What Does Exodus 19:22 Mean?

Exodus 19:22 in the King James Version says “And let the priests also, which come near to the LORD, sanctify themselves, lest the LORD break forth upon them. — study this verse from Exodus chapter 19 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And let the priests also, which come near to the LORD, sanctify themselves, lest the LORD break forth upon them.

Exodus 19:22 · KJV


Context

20

And the LORD came down upon mount Sinai, on the top of the mount: and the LORD called Moses up to the top of the mount; and Moses went up.

21

And the LORD said unto Moses, Go down, charge the people, lest they break through unto the LORD to gaze, and many of them perish. charge: Heb. contest

22

And let the priests also, which come near to the LORD, sanctify themselves, lest the LORD break forth upon them.

23

And Moses said unto the LORD, The people cannot come up to mount Sinai: for thou chargedst us, saying, Set bounds about the mount, and sanctify it.

24

And the LORD said unto him, Away, get thee down, and thou shalt come up, thou, and Aaron with thee: but let not the priests and the people break through to come up unto the LORD, lest he break forth upon them.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And let the priests also, which come near to the LORD, sanctify themselves, lest the LORD break forth upon them.

Even priests, though closer to God than laity, must consecrate themselves—proximity intensifies responsibility. 'Which come near' (הַנִּגָּשִׁים, haniggashim) describes priestly function—approaching God on behalf of others. 'Sanctify themselves' (יִתְקַדָּשׁוּ, yitqaddash) is reflexive—they must actively pursue holiness. 'Lest the LORD break forth' (יִפְרֹץ, yifrotz) uses the same verb as people 'breaking through' (v. 21)—God may 'break out' in judgment against those who 'break in' presumptuously. This seems to refer to pre-Aaronic priests (perhaps firstborn sons), since the Aaronic priesthood hasn't yet been formally instituted. Privilege demands purity; access requires consecration.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

The mention of priests before the Aaronic priesthood's formal institution (Exodus 28-29) suggests an earlier system, possibly firstborn sons serving as family priests. Ancient Near Eastern priests always underwent purification before serving deity.

Reflection Questions

  1. Why do those closer to God (priests, leaders) face stricter judgment for irreverence?
  2. How does the requirement for priests to sanctify themselves apply to Christian ministers and leaders?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 10 words
וְגַ֧ם1 of 10
H1571

properly, assemblage; used only adverbially also, even, yea, though; often repeated as correl. both...and

הַכֹּֽהֲנִ֛ים2 of 10

And let the priests

H3548

literally one officiating, a priest; also (by courtesy) an acting priest (although a layman)

הַנִּגָּשִׁ֥ים3 of 10

also which come near

H5066

to be or come (causatively, bring) near (for any purpose); euphemistically, to lie with a woman; as an enemy, to attack; religious to worship; causati

אֶל4 of 10
H413

near, with or among; often in general, to

יְהוָֽה׃5 of 10

themselves lest the LORD

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

יִתְקַדָּ֑שׁוּ6 of 10

sanctify

H6942

to be (causatively, make, pronounce or observe as) clean (ceremonially or morally)

פֶּן7 of 10
H6435

properly, removal; used only (in the construction) adverb as conjunction, lest

יִפְרֹ֥ץ8 of 10

break forth

H6555

to break out (in many applications, direct and indirect, literal and figurative)

בָּהֶ֖ם9 of 10
H0
יְהוָֽה׃10 of 10

themselves lest the LORD

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Exodus. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Exodus 19:22 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Exodus 19:22 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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