King James Version

What Does Exodus 13:2 Mean?

Exodus 13:2 in the King James Version says “Sanctify unto me all the firstborn, whatsoever openeth the womb among the children of Israel, both of man and of beast: ... — study this verse from Exodus chapter 13 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Sanctify unto me all the firstborn, whatsoever openeth the womb among the children of Israel, both of man and of beast: it is mine.

Exodus 13:2 · KJV


Context

1

And the LORD spake unto Moses, saying,

2

Sanctify unto me all the firstborn, whatsoever openeth the womb among the children of Israel, both of man and of beast: it is mine.

3

And Moses said unto the people, Remember this day, in which ye came out from Egypt, out of the house of bondage; for by strength of hand the LORD brought you out from this place: there shall no leavened bread be eaten. bondage: Heb. servants

4

This day came ye out in the month Abib.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
The comprehensive scope—'whatsoever openeth the womb among the children of Israel, both of man and of beast'—means every firstborn life belongs to God. The phrase 'openeth the matrix' (peter rechem, פֶּטֶר רֶחֶם) literally means 'first issue of the womb.' The declaration 'it is mine' asserts divine ownership based on redemption. This anticipates Christ as God's firstborn (Colossians 1:15), consecrated for redemptive purposes.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

This law created an ongoing tribute to God for the exodus. Firstborn sons were either dedicated to God's service or redeemed with a price (Numbers 18:15-16).

Reflection Questions

  1. How does dedicating all firstborn to God picture the truth that everything you have belongs to Him by right of redemption?
  2. What does God claiming both human and animal firstborn teach about His sovereignty over all creation?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 13 words
קַדֶּשׁ1 of 13

Sanctify

H6942

to be (causatively, make, pronounce or observe as) clean (ceremonially or morally)

לִ֨י2 of 13
H0
כָל3 of 13
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

בְּכ֜וֹר4 of 13

unto me all the firstborn

H1060

first-born; hence, chief

פֶּ֤טֶר5 of 13

whatsoever openeth

H6363

a fissure, i.e., (concretely) firstling (as opening the matrix)

כָּל6 of 13
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

רֶ֙חֶם֙7 of 13

the womb

H7358

the womb

בִּבְנֵ֣י8 of 13

among the children

H1121

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or

יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל9 of 13

of Israel

H3478

he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity

בָּֽאָדָ֖ם10 of 13

both of man

H120

ruddy i.e., a human being (an individual or the species, mankind, etc.)

וּבַבְּהֵמָ֑ה11 of 13

and of beast

H929

properly, a dumb beast; especially any large quadruped or animal (often collective)

לִ֖י12 of 13
H0
הֽוּא׃13 of 13
H1931

he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Exodus. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Exodus 13:2 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Exodus 13:2 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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